Loosing Packets

[arnestis]

Hello Pham, I have installed the OS on RPi3 with your image. I am using the SX1276 chip as a receiver on the gateway. Αt first, it seemed to work fine but then I discovered that I do not accept all packages in ΤΤΝ as you can see in the image below. On the node side, an Arduino Uno with Dragino Hat is used for a library the lmic was used. I have tested the code on another gateway and another repository and I didn't miss any packages. In addition, after several hours of operation, the gateway stops working and log stack at this point.

2020-04-06T18:49:26.616591> got first framing byte 2020-04-06T18:49:26.617072> --> got LoRa data prefix 2020-04-06T18:49:26.617577> raw format from LoRa gateway 2020-04-06T18:49:26.618087> LoRaWAN?

Regards!

[CongducPham]

Hi, what code is running on the node side? Then, when you tested on another gateway, what kind of gateway was it?

[arnestis]

Hello, thanks for responding!!! I tested on the same RPi3 with the same sx1276 but I used the repository below and on another RPi3 with RAK2245. https://github.com/JaapBraam/single_chan_pkt_fwd

On the node side, I used the code below actually is from examples (TTN-ABP) with ibm_lmic as the library.

`#include

include </hal/hal.h>

include

// LoRaWAN NwkSKey, network session key // This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the early prototype TTN // network. static const PROGMEM u1_t NWKSKEY[16] = { 0x6F, 0xBB, 0xD2, 0xCA, 0x94, 0x26, 0x54, 0xA9, 0x7A, 0xB4, 0x7A, 0x6F, 0xEA, 0x87, 0xBB, 0xA5 };

// LoRaWAN AppSKey, application session key // This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the early prototype TTN // network. static const u1_t PROGMEM APPSKEY[16] = { 0xF6, 0x15, 0x38, 0x92, 0xEF, 0x57, 0x8E, 0x81, 0xE9, 0x69, 0xDD, 0xCF, 0x76, 0xDF, 0xE3, 0x95 };

// LoRaWAN end-device address (DevAddr) static const u4_t DEVADDR = 0x260113C6 ; // <-- Change this address for every node!

// These callbacks are only used in over-the-air activation, so they are // left empty here (we cannot leave them out completely unless // DISABLE_JOIN is set in config.h, otherwise the linker will complain). void os_getArtEui (u1_t buf) { } void os_getDevEui (u1_t buf) { } void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { }

static uint8_t mydata[] = "Hello, world!"; static osjob_t sendjob;

// Schedule TX every this many seconds (might become longer due to duty // cycle limitations). const unsigned TX_INTERVAL = 10;

// Pin mapping const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = { .nss = 10, .rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN, .rst = 9, .dio = {2, 6, 7}, };

void onEvent (ev_t ev) { Serial.print(os_getTime()); Serial.print(": "); switch(ev) { case EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT: Serial.println(F("EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT")); break; case EV_BEACON_FOUND: Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_FOUND")); break; case EV_BEACON_MISSED: Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_MISSED")); break; case EV_BEACON_TRACKED: Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_TRACKED")); break; case EV_JOINING: Serial.println(F("EV_JOINING")); break; case EV_JOINED: Serial.println(F("EV_JOINED")); break; case EV_RFU1: Serial.println(F("EV_RFU1")); break; case EV_JOIN_FAILED: Serial.println(F("EV_JOIN_FAILED")); break; case EV_REJOIN_FAILED: Serial.println(F("EV_REJOIN_FAILED")); break; case EV_TXCOMPLETE: Serial.println(F("EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)")); if (LMIC.txrxFlags & TXRX_ACK) Serial.println(F("Received ack")); if (LMIC.dataLen) { Serial.println(F("Received ")); Serial.println(LMIC.dataLen); Serial.println(F(" bytes of payload")); } // Schedule next transmission os_setTimedCallback(&sendjob, os_getTime()+sec2osticks(TX_INTERVAL), do_send); break; case EV_LOST_TSYNC: Serial.println(F("EV_LOST_TSYNC")); break; case EV_RESET: Serial.println(F("EV_RESET")); break; case EV_RXCOMPLETE: // data received in ping slot Serial.println(F("EV_RXCOMPLETE")); break; case EV_LINK_DEAD: Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_DEAD")); break; case EV_LINK_ALIVE: Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_ALIVE")); break; default: Serial.println(F("Unknown event")); break; } }

void do_send(osjob_t* j){ // Check if there is not a current TX/RX job running if (LMIC.opmode & OP_TXRXPEND) { Serial.println(F("OP_TXRXPEND, not sending")); } else { // Prepare upstream data transmission at the next possible time. Serial.println(LMIC.freq); LMIC_setTxData2(1, mydata, sizeof(mydata)-1, 0); Serial.println(F("Packet queued")); } // Next TX is scheduled after TX_COMPLETE event. }

void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); Serial.println(F("Starting"));

#ifdef VCC_ENABLE
// For Pinoccio Scout boards
pinMode(VCC_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(VCC_ENABLE, HIGH);
delay(1000);
#endif

// LMIC init
os_init();
// Reset the MAC state. Session and pending data transfers will be discarded.
LMIC_reset();

// Set static session parameters. Instead of dynamically establishing a session
// by joining the network, precomputed session parameters are be provided.
#ifdef PROGMEM
// On AVR, these values are stored in flash and only copied to RAM
// once. Copy them to a temporary buffer here, LMIC_setSession will
// copy them into a buffer of its own again.
uint8_t appskey[sizeof(APPSKEY)];
uint8_t nwkskey[sizeof(NWKSKEY)];
memcpy_P(appskey, APPSKEY, sizeof(APPSKEY));
memcpy_P(nwkskey, NWKSKEY, sizeof(NWKSKEY));
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, nwkskey, appskey);
#else
// If not running an AVR with PROGMEM, just use the arrays directly
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, NWKSKEY, APPSKEY);
#endif

#if defined(CFG_eu868)
// Set up the channels used by the Things Network, which corresponds
// to the defaults of most gateways. Without this, only three base
// channels from the LoRaWAN specification are used, which certainly
// works, so it is good for debugging, but can overload those
// frequencies, so be sure to configure the full frequency range of
// your network here (unless your network autoconfigures them).
// Setting up channels should happen after LMIC_setSession, as that
// configures the minimal channel set.
// NA-US channels 0-71 are configured automatically
LMIC_setupChannel(0, 868100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7),  BAND_CENTI);      // g-band

// LMIC_setupChannel(1, 868300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7B), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(2, 868500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(3, 867100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(4, 867300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(5, 867500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(6, 867700000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(7, 867900000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band // LMIC_setupChannel(8, 868800000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_FSK, DR_FSK), BAND_MILLI); // g2-band // TTN defines an additional channel at 869.525Mhz using SF9 for class B // devices' ping slots. LMIC does not have an easy way to define set this // frequency and support for class B is spotty and untested, so this // frequency is not configured here.

elif defined(CFG_us915)

// NA-US channels 0-71 are configured automatically
// but only one group of 8 should (a subband) should be active
// TTN recommends the second sub band, 1 in a zero based count.
// https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/gateway-conf/blob/master/US-global_conf.json
LMIC_selectSubBand(0);
#endif

// Disable link check validation
LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);

// TTN uses SF9 for its RX2 window.
LMIC.dn2Dr = DR_SF7;

// Set data rate and transmit power for uplink (note: txpow seems to be ignored by the library)

for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
  if (i != 0) {
    LMIC_disableChannel(i);
  }
}
LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF7,14);
// Start job
do_send(&sendjob);

}

void loop() { os_runloop_once(); }`

Finally, I would like to mention that I did tests with the code you suggest on the Arduino folder "Arduino_LoRa_LMIC_ABP_BASIC" with your libraries and I have the same results.

Regards!!!

[CongducPham]

Well, looks fine. So I don't know. It can happen that some packets are not well received by gateway. Here I do not see any obvious reason.

[CongducPham]

BTW, the payload has a lot of 0, is that on purposes?