Optimize install_docker.sh

[chendelin1982]

What type of your feature request?

Need to test CenOS repository

• [ ] centos.8|centos.7|rhel.7 (In get.docker.com)
• [ ] oracleLinux7,Oracle Linux8 (rhel family)

Extra OS may need to focus:

• [ ] Oracle Linux9
• [ ] Amazon Linux (?)
• [ ] rhel's son: AlmaLinux(), RockyLinux

rhel's father: Fedora (is the father of CentOS Stream), CentOS Stream

[qiaofeng1227]

test support by docker official shell:

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh && sh get-docker.sh

• [x] OracleLinux7 not support
• [x] OracleLinux8 not support
• [x] OracleLinux9 not support
• [x] Centos7 error
• [x] Centos8 ok
• [x] CentOSStream9 ok
• [x] CentOSStream8 error
• [ ] Redhat7

[jinsheng200303]

CentOSStream8 Error

[root@iZbp10aie1w0cecjb5dxk6Z ~]# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh && sh get-docker.sh
# Executing docker install script, commit: 711a0d41213afabc30b963f82c56e1442a3efe1c

DEPRECATION WARNING
    This Linux distribution (centos 8) reached end-of-life and is no longer supported by this script.
    No updates or security fixes will be released for this distribution, and users are recommended
    to upgrade to a currently maintained version of centos.

Press Ctrl+C now to abort this script, or wait for the installation to continue.
+ command_exists dnf5
+ command -v dnf5
+ command_exists dnf
+ command -v dnf
+ sh -c 'dnf -y -q --setopt=install_weak_deps=False install dnf-plugins-core'
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'extras-common': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: Curl error (6): Couldn't resolve host name for http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=8-stream&arch=x86_64&repo=extras-extras-common [Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org]

CentOS7.9 Error

[root@iZbp176kpvms8ifg8s165zZ ~]# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh && sh get-docker.sh
# Executing docker install script, commit: 711a0d41213afabc30b963f82c56e1442a3efe1c

DEPRECATION WARNING
    This Linux distribution (centos 7) reached end-of-life and is no longer supported by this script.
    No updates or security fixes will be released for this distribution, and users are recommended
    to upgrade to a currently maintained version of centos.

Press Ctrl+C now to abort this script, or wait for the installation to continue.
+ command_exists dnf5
+ command -v dnf5
+ command_exists dnf
+ command -v dnf
+ sh -c 'yum -y -q install yum-utils'
Package yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch already installed and latest version
+ sh -c 'yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo'
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
Could not fetch/save url https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to file /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo: [Errno 14] curl#35 - "TCP connection reset by peer"

[zhaojing1987]

官方安装脚本支持的操作系统及版本：

Ubuntu	Debian(Raspbian)	CentOS	RHEL	Fedora
22.04 (jammy)	12 (bookworm)	8	8	39 及以上版本
20.04 (focal)	11 (bullseye)	7	7
18.04 (bionic)	10 (buster)
16.04 (xenial)	9 (stretch)
	8 (jessie)

以下发行版和版本会触发弃用通知(中断10秒后继续执行安装)：

CentOS	RHEL	Debian(Raspbian)	Ubuntu	Fedora
8	8	10 (buster)	18.04 (bionic)	所有版本低于 39
7	7	9 (stretch)	16.04 (xenial)
		8 (jessie)	14.04 (trusty)
			以及以下版本： mantic 、 lunar 、kinetic 、impish、 hirsute 、groovy、eoan 、disco、 cosmic