Update and document CO2 capture rates and costs of X-to-Liquids / X-to-Gases technologies

fschreyer commented 2 weeks ago

Purpose of this PR

This addresses the issue on carbon flows in the energy system. It is related to #1876.

In particular, this PR adapts the CO2 capture rates of different X-to-Liquids and X-Gases technologies assuming that only 10% of the input carbon are lost (vented) during the gasification / syngas production step (consistent with X-to-H2 w/ capture technologies) and only 5% are lost during the follow-up step of FT-synthesis or methanation. This changes co2 capture rates as follows:

increase bioftcrec: capture rate to 14.6 GtC/ZJ: 58% of carbon input
increase biogasc capture rate to 14.1 GtC/ZJ: 56% of carbon input
decrease coalftcrec capture rate to 15.8 GtC/ZJ (60%)
decrease gasftcrec capture rate to 0.2 GtC/ZJ (1.3%)

CCU technologies (synthetic liquids and synthetic gas production) now also see carbon efficiency of 95%, i.e. 5% of captured carbon does not end up in output fuel.

Moreover, costs of some of the technologies are modified.

CAPEX/OPEX of synthetic liquids and synthetic gas technologies back to original parameterization based on Agora (2018)
slightly lower bioftcrec CAPEX in line with Liu et al.
lower gasftrec/gasftcrec CAPEX in line with assumptions for Coal-to-Liquids / Gas-to-H2 technologies

Please see issue for comparison plots of results.

Type of change

(Make sure to delete from the Type-of-change list the items not relevant to your PR)

[x] Bug fix

Checklist:

[x] My code follows the coding etiquette
[x] I performed a self-review of my own code
[x] I explained my changes within the PR, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
[x] I checked that the in-code documentation is up-to-date
[x] I adjusted the reporting in remind2 where it was needed
[x] I adjusted forbiddenColumnNames in readCheckScenarioConfig.R in case the PR leads to deprecated switches
[x] All automated model tests pass (FAIL 0 in the output of make test)
[x] The changelog CHANGELOG.md has been updated correctly

Further information (optional):

Test runs are here:
Comparison of results (what changes by this PR?): /p/tmp/schreyer/Modeling/remind/NewDevs/compScen-BioTechUpdateNew-2024-11-12_10.25.16-H12.pdf

robertpietzcker commented 1 week ago

oh, and could you move the runs and compScen to /p/projects/remind/users/fschreyer/ and adjust the path in the PR description so it survives a bit longer than on /p/tmp?

robertpietzcker commented 1 week ago

oh, and as you reminded me of it - I guess it would be good to update SSP1/SSP3 tech parameters as well, no?

fschreyer commented 6 days ago

I talked to @amerfort. We will merge it now and might discuss further based on the next results.

fschreyer commented 6 days ago

SSP differentiation is still open and will be added later.

remindmodel / remind