Ideas for representing fully autonomous vs. human intervention

[sgbaird]

5 got me thinking about this. There are examples where human intervention is very minimal or only a single step (e.g., transferring a sample) that I want to include.

I've been thinking about how I can either restructure or modify the presentation to capture this.

This got me thinking about emojis, similar to the starred lists that I use.

While the following are applicable, it doesn't allow for any in-between.

:mechanical_arm: vs. :muscle: 🤖 vs. :adult:

If there were clearly defined levels of autonomy like with cars we could put the number :one: :two: ...

We could also clarify which aspects are autonomous. Some possible categories and emoji are:

• Synthesis :test_tube: or :alembic:
• Characterization :microscope: or:thermometer:
• Sample transfer :mechanical_arm: or :building_construction:
• Experiment planning :computer: or :snake: or :loop: or :arrows_clockwise: or :brain:

So fully autonomous might look like: :test_tube:/:microscope:/:mechanical_arm:/:computer:

Maybe partial would be: :test_tube:/:microscope:/:x:/:computer:

[sgbaird]

For example:

• 🧪/🔬/🦾/💻 Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪/🔬/❌/💻 Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

[sgbaird]

Suggestion from @stanlo229:

Use "building construction" (🏗️) or "inbox tray" (:inbox_tray:) (maybe preference towards 🏗️).

So this would look like:

• 🧪/🔬/🏗️/💻 Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪/🔬/❌/💻 Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

Or:

• 🧪/🔬/📥/💻 Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪/🔬/❌/💻 Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

Following up on this, I think a benefit of 🏗️ over 🦾 is that 🦾 may be more likely to be confused with a different topic than sample transfer, e.g., automation in general.

[sgbaird]

Some other thoughts:

• How is / as a separator?
• Is it better to put the emoji at the beginning or the end?
• Alternatives to ❌?
• The README needs to be updated to explain the emoji, maybe a table.

Other separators

|

I think I like this one the best.

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|❌|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

blank

• 🧪 🔬 🏗️ 💻 Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪 🔬 ❌ 💻 Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

no space

• 🧪🔬🏗️💻 Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪🔬❌💻 Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

enclosing

• [🧪🔬🏗️💻] Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• [🧪🔬❌💻] Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

Emoji at end

I prefer it at the beginning. It aligns better and doesn't run the risk of getting broken across the page.

• Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867. 🧪/🔬/🏗️/💻
• Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C. 🧪/🔬/❌/💻

Alternatives to ❌

• ✖️
• 🚫
• 🛠️
• 🚧

I think I like ✖️ or 🚧 the best. ✖️ seems more neutral without the red, but still has a pretty clear meaning. 🚧 implies more of an "under construction" (meaning it might be or could be implemented in the future), but I think the interpretation is more ambiguous than ✖️.

✖️

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|✖️|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

🚫

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|🚫|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

🛠️

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|🛠️|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

🚧

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|🚧|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

[sgbaird]

@stefanbringuier, @stanlo229, and @kiranvad, curious to get your thoughts on this.

I'm leaning towards this configuration.

Emoji Key

Category	Emoji
Synthesis	🧪
Characterization	🔬
Sample transfer	🏗️
Experiment planning	💻
Manual intervention	✖️

Example

• 🧪|🔬|🏗️|💻Self-Driving Laboratory for Accelerated Discovery of Thin-Film Materials. MacLeod, B. P.; Parlane, F. G. L.; Morrissey, T. D.; Häse, F.; Roch, L. M.; Dettelbach, K. E.; Moreira, R.; Yunker, L. P. E.; Rooney, M. B.; Deeth, J. R.; Lai, V.; Ng, G. J.; Situ, H.; Zhang, R. H.; Elliott, M. S.; Haley, T. H.; Dvorak, D. J.; Aspuru-Guzik, A.; Hein, J. E.; Berlinguette, C. P. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6 (20), eaaz8867.
• 🧪|🔬|✖️|💻Autonomous retrosynthesis of gold nanoparticles via spectral shape matching. Vaddi, Kiran; Huat Thart Chiang; and Lilo D. Pozzo. Digital Discovery 2022, 10.1039/D2DD00025C.

[stanlo229]

@sgbaird I love what you’ve done here. My favourite has to be the same emojis but I prefer “/“ as the separator because “|” reminds me too much of the “or” symbol in logic / code. “/“ makes it look like it’s different parts. Perhaps even “>” could be a separator because it points to the next stage of the SDL?

[stefanbringuier]

@sgbaird I really like this! Here is my take on some.

Category	Emoji
Fully-Auto sample transfer	:robot:
Semi-Auto sample transfer	:mechanical_arm: + :mechanic:
Manual sample transfer	:hand:

So an entry with semi-auto behavior, would look like:

• :test_tube:|:microscope:|:mechanical_arm:+:mechanic:|:computer:

For experimental planning, I could also see using :bar_chart: or :calendar:, but :computer: is better.