NEW: Add some probe initialization and orthogonalization tools

[carterbox]

Purpose

Provide some Python probe initialization and orthogonalization routines that the Swiss are using in their MATLAB code.

Pre-Merge Checklists

Submitter

• [x] Write a helpfully descriptive pull request title.
• [x] Organize changes into logically grouped commits with descriptive commit messages.
• [x] Document all new functions.
• [ ] Write tests for new functions or explain why they are not needed.
• [ ] Build the documentation successfully
• [x] Use yapf to format python code.

Reviewer

• [ ] Actually read all of the code.
• [ ] Run the new code yourself.
• [ ] Write a summary of the changes as you understand them.
• [ ] Thank the submitter.

[pep8speaks]

Hello @carterbox! Thanks for updating this PR. We checked the lines you've touched for PEP 8 issues, and found:

There are currently no PEP 8 issues detected in this Pull Request. Cheers! :beers:

Comment last updated at 2020-04-15 17:42:10 UTC

[nikitinvv]

# Perhaps this should be an inner product
# which means one of the vectors should be conjugated?
A[i, j] = np.sum(x[i] * x[j])
A[j, i] = A[i, j]

yes, one should be conjugate

[nikitinvv]

for order in np.argsort(-values):
    x_sorted[order] = x_new[order]

indices are wrong

[carterbox]

Thanks, @nikitinvv! 🎉