Pull in an existing Python project template

[mezarque]

This PR pulls in Arcadia's existing Python analysis template into this repo, to begin the process of improving this repo for other users.

I took the following steps to add the python-analysis-template repo's files to this repo:

1. Clone python-analysis-template:

   git clone git@github.com:Arcadia-Science/python-analysis-template.git

2. Added python-analysis-template as a remote to arcadia-pycolor and fetched:

   git remote add template ../python-analysis-template
   git fetch template

3. Merged the python-analysis-template repo into arcadia-pycolor with --allow-unrelated-histories:

   git merge --allow-unrelated-histories template/main

4. Resolved merge conflicts in LICENSE, README.md, and .gitignore.

5. Committed and pushed to GitHub before opening this PR.

Changes

• [x] Adds files from python-analysis-template
• [x] Resolves linting issues

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