AuDigitalHealth / ci-fhir-r4

Working drafts of HL7™ FHIR® Release 4 (R4) artefacts authored and maintained by the Informatics Architecture team at the Australian Digital Health Agency.
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ValueSet - DiagnosticReport.status - support exchange of Diagnostic Reports #58

Closed dtr-agency closed 4 years ago

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

Prerequisites

The feature

Description

We need to create a more constrained value set for the status element of DiagnosticReport profiles to support exchange of diagnostic reports issued by diagnostic service providers for the electronic exchange of diagnostic reports (e.g. pathology, imaging, specialist and other) between healthcare providers, and between healthcare providers and the My Health Record system infrastructure in Australia.

The usage scenarios expects a meaningful patient-centric snapshot, i.e. one or more investigations have been performed and there is some reported information that is meaningful to share between healthcare providers, and between healthcare providers and the My Health Record system to support provision of healthcare.

The values must be drawn from the required DiagnosticReportStatus ValueSet. Possibly the new ValueSet may contain the codes of "partial", "preliminary", "final", "amended", "corrected", "appended" and exclude "registered", cancelled", "entered-in-error" & "unknown".

This ValueSet would be bound to DiagnosticReport profiles in the forthcoming Diagnostics Report FHIR implementation Guide, and may be used in other implementation guides that contain DiagnosticReport profiles.

What it actually enables people to do

Clarifies to implementers requirements for the state of a diagnostic report in the electronic exchange of diagnostic imaging reports between healthcare providers, and between healthcare providers and the My Health Record system infrastructure in Australia. Provision of management of the set of values in a governed manner that is reusable across multiple profiles.

How awesome would it be?

Pretty awesome - clarity of requirements is always desired, and management by terminology binding is the preferred means in CI Agency profiles of specifying more than one allowed values for an element. This contributes to minimising the risk of inappropriate, invalid or obsolete clinical content.

Workarounds

There are other means of specifying controls on the membership of values including invariants, or alternatively only implementation guidance could be provided instead of a machine processable format.

Additional context

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

This ValueSet when developed will be bound as required in DiagnosticReport.status as part of:

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

Analysis of codes in the required value sets

Analysis of possible usage of codes in DiagnosticReportStatus Code Applicable context In / Out for diagnostic reports Rationale
registered Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
partial Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
preliminary Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
final Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
amended Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
corrected Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
appended Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
cancelled Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
entered-in-error Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
unknown Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results

The shallow analysis suggests that the set of codes relevant in a diagnostic reporting context are relevant across the three domains. There is also a clear set of codes applicable to the reporting usage scenarios.

Analysis of codes in the previously implemented value sets

Analysis of possible usage of codes in HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 Code Display Applicable context In / Out for diagnostic reports Rationale
A Some, but not all, results available Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
C Corrected, final Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
F Final results Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
I No results available; specimen received, procedure incomplete Pathology / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
M Corrected, not final Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
N Procedure completed, results pending Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
O Order received; specimen not yet received Pathology / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
P Preliminary Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
R Results stored; not yet verified Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
S No results available; procedure scheduled, but not done Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
X No results available; Order canceled Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
Y No order on record for this test Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
Z No record of this patient Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results

The shallow analysis suggests that the set of codes relevant in a diagnostic reporting context are slightly different across the three domains. There is however a clear set of codes applicable to reporting usage scenarios.

Analysis of possible usage of codes in the CodeSystem NCTIS Result Status Values Code Display Applicable context In / Out for diagnostic reports Rationale
1 Registered Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results
2 Interim Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results. It is common and meaningful to send a diagnostic report with initial results with a final to follow.
3 Final Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
4 Amended Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other In Supports use case of reporting of results
5 Cancelled / Aborted Pathology / Diagnostic Imaging / Other Out Does not serve the use case of reporting of results

The shallow analysis suggests that the set of codes relevant in a diagnostic reporting context are relevant across the three domains. There is also a clear set of codes applicable to the reporting usage scenarios.

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

@davidmckillop, can you please review the above analysis of codes against the three domains?

davidmckillop commented 4 years ago

@dtr-agency - I agree with your analysis of the codes to be included in/out for the diagnostic report use case for the above 3 domains.

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

Suggested outcomes:

  1. A new ValueSet for DiagnosticReport.status containing the codes: ‘partial’, ‘preliminary', ‘final', ‘amended’, ‘corrected’, ’appended’
  2. Analysis of existing and legacy value sets that have been implemented in various CDA document implementations with recommendations for a path forwards to FHIR-driven CDA
dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

ValueSet Design Notes

1. A new ValueSet for DiagnosticReport.status containing the codes: 'partial', 'preliminary', 'final', 'amended', ‘corrected’, ‘appended’

ValueSet element Suggested value
title DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available
canonical url https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/diagnosticreportstatus-report-available-1
version 1.0.0
description The DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set includes values that may be used to represent the status of a diagnostic report that is available for electronic exchange of health information between healthcare providers, and between healthcare providers and the My Health Record system in Australia.
compose "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/diagnostic-report-status"; concept: [code: "partial"; code: "preliminary"; code: "final"; code: "amended"; code: "corrected"; code: "appended"]

Associated FHIR Terminology Request: FTR-933

NOTE: Design amended to fix list of codes and system value in compose from internal review comments

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

@davidmckillop - ready for product owner walkthrough of proposed value set design. Product owner okayed, moving to internal review with @LB-Agency .

LB-Agency commented 4 years ago

Review of DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set.

I agree with the analysis of codes for this use case. Only comment is to update the design table so compose includes, "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/diagnostic-report-status"; "version": "4.0.1"; "code": "partial".

NCTS resources will contain version specific references to external content unless normative and known to not have future backwards incompatible changes introduced.

RESPONSE

  1. Updated compose with missing code and corrected system value
  2. Have not included version - agree that this will be in the final authored value set but that this is part of the authoring standards for NCTS rather than being driven by the use case design. We should keep separate the requirements being provided to terminology and authoring standards / NCTS resource requirements.

REVIEWER (@LB-Agency) RESPONSE Confirmed changes and accepted

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

Discussion of applicability of candidate terminology in CDA

HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 vs NCTIS Result Status Values vs DiagnosticReportStatus.

HL7 Version 2 Table 0123

The semantics of what we are looking to capture here is status of the report itself, as distinct from the status of the results inside the report (similar to status of results of a panel or study), or the status of the result of an observation (Observation.status) or status of the activity (workflow). HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 is predominately populated by codes that describe the status of the results inside the result (e.g. F) with some workflow codes (e.g. R). The codes do not resolve to 'final report' or 'interim report'. Though there is a strong implicit relationship between result status and report status they are not the same concept.

This use of HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 at a report-level is an extant issue on the legacy eHealth Pathology Report CDA implementation guides and eHealth Diagnostic Imaging Report CDA implementation guides.

Conclusion

HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 is not suitable to support the concept of DiagnosticReport status in FHIR-based CDA.

DiagnosticReportStatus

The semantics of what we are looking to capture here is status of the report itself, as distinct from the status of the results inside the report (similar to status of results of a panel or study), or the status of the result of an observation (Observation.status) or status of the activity (workflow). DiagnosticReportStatus is populated by codes that describe the status of a report. These codes have been intended for this exact purpose.

Conclusion

DiagnosticReportStatus is suitable to support the concept of DiagnosticReport status in FHIR-based CDA.

NCTIS Result Status Values

The semantics of what we are looking to capture here is status of the report itself, as distinct from the status of the results inside the report (similar to status of results of a panel or study), or the status of the result of an observation (Observation.status) or status of the activity (workflow). NCTIS Result Status Values does not predefine the context and some codes can be used to indicate the status of result (i.e. Observation.status) or the status of a report (i.e. DiagnosticReport.status) with a workflow code (e.g. Cancelled/Aborted). The codes rely on their use in a particular structure to resolve to either 'final report' or 'final observation result'.

There are extant known issues on the use of NCTIS Result Status Values in current CDA implementation guides - it is noted that these codes are created by the Agency and are less precise and rich than other available terminologies, and it is not a domain accepted terminology.

Conclusion

NCTIS Result Status Values is not recommended (though it is somewhat suitable) to support the concept of DiagnosticReport status in FHIR-based CDA.

Recommendations

  1. The concept of DiagnosticReport status in FHIR-based CDA is supported with DiagnosticReportStatus using the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available

Allowing multiple terminologies at authoring time only makes it easy for authoring systems. However the burden on consuming systems is too high. If we move to supporting a single terminology for this concept then with ConceptMaps authoring systems can internally maintain their preferred terminology and convert when sending either FHIR/CDA. And Consuming systems only need to be capable of transforming that one terminology in either FHIR/CDA into their preferred terminology.

  1. ConceptMaps describing relationships between HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 and the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available are published to provide clarity on code equivalence and provide a path forwards for the transition of affected legacy materials.
  2. ConceptMaps describing relationships between NCTIS Result Status Values (using the forthcoming ValueSet) and the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available are published to provide clarity on code equivalence and provide a path forwards for the transition of affected legacy materials.

NOTE: There is little value in preparing a constrained equivalent representation using NCTIS Result Status Values of the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available ValueSet to have available in the circumstance that these recommendations are not accepted. NCTIS Result Status Values has much less richness, and of the available codes only the workflow code for 'Cancelled/Aborted' would be constrained out.

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

@LB-Agency, please review the above discussion of applicability of candidate terminology in CDA. @davidmckillop, please look at this from Pathology SME perspective.

davidmckillop commented 4 years ago

@dtr-agency - I agree with the recommendations described above that :

  1. the concept of DiagnosticReport status in FHIR-based CDA is supported with DiagnosticReportStatus using the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available
  2. ConceptMaps describing relationships between HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 and the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available are published to provide clarity on code equivalence and provide a path forwards for the transition of affected legacy materials.
  3. ConceptMaps describing relationships between NCTIS Result Status Values (using the forthcoming ValueSet) and the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available are published to provide clarity on code equivalence and provide a path forwards for the transition of affected legacy materials.
LB-Agency commented 4 years ago

Review comments:

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

Early design notes on ConceptMaps

NOTE: These will be progressed via internal terminology tasks as per the BAU publication schedule; this GitHub issue will not be kept up to date. This content has been included here as an indication of the initial direction of this content.

2. Two new ConceptMaps to go between HL7 Version 2 Table 0123 and the proposed DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available

ConceptMap element Suggested value
title DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available to v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR
canonical url https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ConceptMap/diagnosticreportstatus-report-avail-to-v2-result-status-obr-1
version 1.0.0
description The DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available to v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR concept map defines relationships from the concepts in the DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set to the concepts in the v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR value set.
sourceCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/diagnosticreportstatus-report-available-1
targetCanonical http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v2-0123
group [code: "partial"; target code: "A"; equivalence: "narrower"; comment: "partial subsumes but is not limited to the concept of some but not all results available"] [code: "partial"; target code: "R"; equivalence: "narrower"; comment: "partial subsumes but is not limited to the concept of results stored but not yet verified"] [code: "preliminary"; target code: "P"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "final"; target code: "F"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "amended"; target code: "C"; equivalence: "narrower"; comment: "amended subsumes but is not limited to the concept of correction"] [code: "corrected"; target code: "C"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "appended"; equivalence: "unmatched"]

The content in group is a suggested starting point; review and analysis by a terminology analyst when authoring is necessary.

Associated FHIR Terminology Request: FTR-1058

And ConceptMap element Suggested value
title v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR to DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available
canonical url https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ConceptMap/v2-result-status-obr-to-diagnosticreportstatus-report-avail-1
version 1.0.0
description The v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR to DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available concept map defines relationships from the concepts in the v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR value set to the concepts in the DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set. This mapping is applicable where the v2 RESULT STATUS - OBR value set has been bound to a report level status element. This concept map may be used to support transitioning legacy materials from a conformant Agency CDA template to a FHIR-driven CDA template.
sourceCanonical http://terminology.hl7.org/ValueSet/v2-0123
targetCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/diagnosticreportstatus-report-available-1
group [code: "A"; target code: "partial"; equivalence: "wider"] [code: "C"; target code: " corrected"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "F"; target code: "final"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "I"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "M"; target code: "preliminary"; equivalence: "wider"] [code: "N"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "O”; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "P"; target code: "preliminary"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "R"; target code: "preliminary"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "S"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "X"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "Y"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "Z”; equivalence: "unmatched"]

The content in group is a suggested starting point; review and analysis by a terminology analyst when authoring is necessary.

Associated FHIR Terminology Request: FTR-1063

4. Two new ConceptMaps to go between DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available and NCTIS Result Status Values

ConceptMap element Suggested value
title DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available to NCTIS Result Status Values
canonical url https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ConceptMap/diagnosticreportstatus-report-avail-to-v2-result-status-obr -1
version 1.0.0
description The DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available to NCTIS Result Status Values concept map defines relationships from the concepts in the DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set to the concepts in the NCTIS Result Status Values value set. This mapping is applicable where the NCTIS Results Status Values value set has been bound to a report level status element.
sourceCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/diagnosticreportstatus-report-available-1
targetCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/nctis-result-status-values-1
group [code: "partial"; target code: "2"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "preliminary"; target code: "2"; equivalence: "wider"] [code: "final"; target code: "3"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "amended"; target code: "4"; equivalence: " equivalent"] [code: "corrected"; target code: "4"; equivalence: "wider"] [code: "appended"; target code: "4"; equivalence: "wider"]

The content in group is a suggested starting point; review and analysis by a terminology analyst when authoring is necessary.

Associated FHIR Terminology Request: FTR-1048

And ConceptMap element Suggested value
title NCTIS Result Status Values to DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available
canonical url https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ConceptMap/v2-result-status-obr-to-diagnosticreportstatus-report-avail-1
version 1.0.0
description The NCTIS Result Status Values to DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available concept map defines relationships from the concepts in the NCTIS Result Status Values value set to the concepts in the DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available value set. This mapping is applicable where the NCTIS Results Status Values value set has been bound to a report level status element. This concept map may be used to support transitioning legacy materials from a conformant Agency CDA template to a FHIR-driven CDA template.
sourceCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/nctis-result-status-values-1
targetCanonical https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/diagnosticreportstatus-report-available-1
group [code: "1"; equivalence: "unmatched"] [code: "2"; target code: "partial"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "3"; target code: "final"; equivalence: " equivalent "] [code: "4"; target code: "amended"; equivalence: "equivalent"] [code: "5"; equivalence: "unmatched"]

The content in group is a suggested starting point; review and analysis by a terminology analyst when authoring is necessary.

Associated FHIR Terminology Request: FTR-1053

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

This issue has been shifted to 'complete'; publication of the content in NCTS is pending release of NTS 2.0.

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

To remain open until publication is confirmed.

dtr-agency commented 4 years ago

NCTS 2.0 is now live with DiagnosticReportStatus Report Available.

ConceptMaps are in the authoring and publication schedule for later this year.