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CredentialEngine / Schema-Development

Development of the vocabularies for the CTI models
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Updates to the Concept Scheme for ceterms:CreditUnit #590

Closed cwd-mparsons closed 3 years ago

cwd-mparsons commented 5 years ago

The concept scheme for creditUnitType will have to be updated to include, at least the suggestions from credit hours

jeannekitchens commented 5 years ago

@jeff-grann this is a secondary and postsecondary issue. Can you look into this and determine if these should be included with the existing concept scheme https://credreg.net/ctdl/terms#CreditUnit.

siuc-nate commented 5 years ago

Per our 4-2-2019 meeting: If a value doesn't match one of the controlled values, use the description property inside of QuantitativeValue instead.

siuc-nate commented 5 years ago

Per our 4-9-2019 meeting: @jeff-grann We need you to have some "starter" definitions for each of these terms.

cwd-mparsons commented 5 years ago

@jeff-grann I did some searching for possible definitions

Hours of Participation One CEU equals ten contact hours of participation in organized continuing education classes and/or training conducted by a qualified instructor.

Quarter Hours Quarter credit hours are granted in place of semester credit hours by schools that utilize a quartered calendar system.

Semester Hours A unit of academic credit representing an hour of class (such as lecture class) or three hours of laboratory work each week for an academic semester.

Clock Hours Clock hours are the total number of actual hours per week a student spends attending class or other instructional activities that count toward completing a program of study.

Contact Hours A standard one hour (at least 50 minutes) classroom period.

siuc-nate commented 5 years ago

@stuartasutton @jkitchensSIUC We're waiting to hear back from the other group before we do anything in the schema for this one, correct?

siuc-nate commented 5 years ago

Based on feedback ( https://docs.google.com/document/d/1i3CnKXC3oOF2Iu_d3ZOmuLNQjT91n8I1OWj3tltlUEU/edit ), the following have been proposed as additions to the existing https://credreg.net/ctdl/terms/CreditUnit concept scheme:

URI: creditUnit:CreditHour Label: Credit Hour Definition: A quantity of student learning used for awarding U.S. Federal student aid. Usage Note: According to U.S. Federal regulation 34 CFR § 600.2 Definitions: Credit hour: Except as provided in 34 CFR 668.8(k) and (l), a credit hour is an amount of work represented in intended learning outcomes and verified by evidence of student achievement that is an institutionally established equivalency that reasonably approximates not less than - One hour of classroom or direct faculty instruction and a minimum of two hours of out of class student work each week for approximately fifteen weeks for one semester or trimester hour of credit, or ten to twelve weeks for one quarter hour of credit, or the equivalent amount of work over a different amount of time; or At least an equivalent amount of work as required in paragraph (1) of this definition for other academic activities as established by the institution including laboratory work, internships, practica, studio work, and other academic work leading to the award of credit hours. https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?rgn=div8&node=34:3.1.3.1.1.1.23.2 Program Integrity Questions and Answers - Credit Hour https://www2.ed.gov/policy/highered/reg/hearulemaking/2009/credit.html#credit

URI: creditUnit:SemesterHour Label: Semester Hour Definition: A unit of credit representing an hour of class (such as a lecture class) or three hours of laboratory work each week for an academic semester. Comment: The credit hour concept for institutions using a semester-based academic calendar. Subconcept Of: creditUnit:CreditHour

URI: creditUnit:QuarterHour Label: Quarter Hour Definition: A unit of credit representing an hour of class (such as a lecture class) or three hours of laboratory work each week for an academic quarter. Comment: The credit hour concept for institutions using a quarter-based academic calendar. Subconcept Of: creditUnit:CreditHour

URI: creditUnit:ClockHour Label: Clock Hour Definition: A unit of measure that represents an hour of scheduled instruction given to students. Comment: Reuse of NCES’s IPEDS glossary https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/ipeds/Downloads/Forms/IPEDSGlossary.pdf Usage Note: This concept should be used to denote hours of participation and/or contact hours. According to U.S. Federal regulation 34 CFR § 600.2 Definitions: Clock hour: A period of time consisting of

siuc-nate commented 5 years ago

These terms already exist in CTDL in the https://credreg.net/ctdl/terms/CreditUnit concept scheme:

URI: creditUnit:CertificateCredit Label: Certificate Credit Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted for certificates. Comment: Includes credits earned while enrolled in a certificate program.

URI: creditUnit:ContinuingEducationUnit Label: Continuing Education Unit Definition: Credit that is issued or is accepted as education units for meeting professional development requirements. Comment: Based on international standards, continuing education units are based on contact hours that may be converted to other units of measurement, such as professional development hours (PDH), continuing education credits (CEU), and continuing professional credits (CPC).

URI: creditUnit:DegreeCredit Label: Degree Credit Definition: Credit that is issued or is accepted as credit for earning a college-level degree. Comment: Includes credits earned while enrolled in a postsecondary program for a college-level degree.

URI: creditUnit:SecondaryDiplomaCredit Label: Secondary Diploma Credit Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted for a secondary diploma. Comment: Includes credits earned while enrolled in a secondary diploma program that meet graduation requirements.

These terms would be added to the existing https://credreg.net/ctdl/terms/CreditUnit concept scheme:

URI: creditUnit:CreditHour Label: Credit Hour Definition: A time-based quantity of student learning. Usage Note: For usage in the U.S., see: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?rgn=div8&node=34:3.1.3.1.1.1.23.2 and https://www2.ed.gov/policy/highered/reg/hearulemaking/2009/credit.html#credit

URI: creditUnit:SemesterHour Label: Semester Hour Definition: A unit of credit representing an hour of class (such as a lecture class) or three hours of laboratory work each week for an academic semester. Comment: The credit hour concept for institutions using a semester-based academic calendar. Subconcept Of: creditUnit:CreditHour

URI: creditUnit:QuarterHour Label: Quarter Hour Definition: A unit of credit representing an hour of class (such as a lecture class) or three hours of laboratory work each week for an academic quarter. Comment: The credit hour concept for institutions using a quarter-based academic calendar. Subconcept Of: creditUnit:CreditHour

URI: creditUnit:ClockHour Label: Clock Hour Definition: A unit of measure that represents an hour of scheduled instruction given to students. Comment: Reuse of NCES’s IPEDS glossary https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/ipeds/Downloads/Forms/IPEDSGlossary.pdf Usage Note: This concept should be used to denote hours of participation and/or contact hours. According to U.S. Federal regulation 34 CFR § 600.2 Definitions: Clock hour: A period of time consisting of

mparsons-ce commented 4 years ago

@jeannekitchens @stuartasutton @siuc-nate Is this issue ready to be closed/added to the next CTDL release?

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

  1. Is the assertion of "one hour of lecture or three hours of laboratory work" sufficiently universal that we won't need to make more concepts later (e.g. "our semester hour includes one hour of lecture or one hour of lab" or "our credit hour consists of one hour of each")?

  2. We should genericize the usage note for ClockHour so it's not so verbose or US-specific

  3. We should examine any other terms from Mike's findings

Mike, can you provide a number for each of those types (and/or any new types that have emerged since) so we have a sense of how many records uses each of them?

stuartasutton commented 4 years ago

No it is not universal. The ratio of face-to-face instruction to supervised activity and/or unsupervised external hours (i.e., homework) are not standardized. So, I might have a course worth 4 semester hours that means 3 hours of lecture and 15 hours of outside study (i.e. homework) per week...or 2 hours of lecture, 3 hours of lab and 10 hours of outside study per week. In the U.S., the semester and quarter credits represent some identified ratio of face-to-face instruction (e.g., lecture, seminar etc.), and/or supervised activity (e.g., lab) and/or unsupervised activity (e.g., homework).

And, graduate credit hours have higher, more strenuous hours than undergraduate. E.g., at University of Washington, 3 credit hours of undergraduate study might have an expectation of 3 lecture hours and 6 hours of unsupervised activity (e.g., homework) while graduate student might have an expectation of 3 lecture hours and 12 hours of unsupervised activity. And, a class might be a 3 credit hour quarter course with a mix of both graduate and undergraduate students earning the same number of credit hours with different expectation ratios on hours of actual work.

So, definitions should not hardwire ratios or the exact aspects on which those ratios are based.

mparsons-ce commented 4 years ago

The below image shows the counts (from credential finder) for creditUnitTypeDescriptions that are less than 50 characters in length for learning opportunities, condition profiles, and assessments:

image

philbarker commented 4 years ago

The terms in currently in the CreditUnit concept scheme seem to relate to the educational level of the credit; the entries Mike is finding in the description relate to the extent of the work involved to earn one. I think these are two orthogonal concepts.

For example, in Scotland we have the SCQF credits represent a notional 10 hours of learning time and come in 12 levels (early years & special needs education through to PhD). Typically to be awarded an Honours Degree you need "at least 480 credits of which a minimum of 180 is at levels 9 and 10, including at least 90 at level 10".

So to know the value of your credits in Scotland you need to know how your credit unit equates to SCQF Credits you have and at what level.

For comparison in the rest of Europe, there are 8 levels and the credits represent ~20 hours study time, so some conversion is required.

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

In my opinion, if they need their own vocabulary, they will also need their own property to point at said vocabulary within schema:QuantitativeValue. Otherwise, we can put them in the same vocabulary and ensure that schema:unitText is multi-select.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Example of credit scheme in use for credentials: Scottish Qualifications ready reckoner (pdf) p2 National Qualifications. These are certificates awarded after course & assessment in a single subject at school. Normally Nationals 1-5 are taken at age 15-16, Highers at 16-17 and Advanced Highers at 17-18.

See how the level and number of credit points varies, e.g.: National 1: 6 points at level 1 National 5: 24 points at level 5 Higher: 24 points at level 6 Advanced Higher: 32 points at level 7

"Levels (1-12) show how complex the learning of a qualification is.

Credit points indicate the volume of learning required to achieve a qualification. One SCQF credit point represents 10 notional learning hours."

The time take varies between qualifications, students at high school typically take 6-8 nationals over two years; 4 or 5 Highers in one year; 3 Advanced Highers in one year.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Example of credit scheme for credentials & course/programs SQA Higher National Qualifications (NB, these are not the same as 'highers' or 'nationals' in previous example). Higher National Diploma requires 240 credit points at levels 7 & 8 (2yr course) Higher National Certificate requires 96 credit points at level 7 (1yr course)

These are "group awards" ie are awarded for after program of study (which here we call a course) comprising several courses (here called Higher National Units) and assessments. HN Units are typically 8 or 16 credit points.

For example, HND/C in Cyber Security (full spec in pdf). From the full spec:

This group award is made up of 30 SQA unit credits. 17 credits (136 SCQF credit points) are mandatory, including two graded units of 3 SQA credits (24 SCQF credit points) at SCQF levels 7 and 8, and must be taken by all learners, and 13 credits are optional (104 SCQF credit points), which are selected from the list of optional units.

[Unit credits ~ HNC Units, but some units offer double credits--they're twice as long. This is largely redundant as it is also reflected in the credit points.]

philbarker commented 4 years ago

final example, at University level, e.g.

The Scottish Bachelors Degree with Honours [equiv to US 4 year degree] SCQF Level: 10 (SHE level H) Credit Points: At least 480 credits of which a minimum of 180 is at levels 9 and 10, including at least 90 at level 10.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Additional information: there was a CEN Workshop Agreement for an Educational Credit Information Model (2010, now lapsed). It was a single class ecim:Credit with three properties ecim:scheme, ecim:level, ecim:value all of which were Literals, AFAIK.

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

That's a lot of useful context, thank you. What would some JSON examples look like for the QuantitativeValue class to carry this data (making up whatever properties are necessary to carry the values)?

By "this data" I mean, more specifically, the number/type/extent/etc of credits provided by a learning opportunity, provided by passing an assessment, required by a credential, etc. - hopefully without getting too far into the weeds or specifics of things like required vs. optional credits and totals and double-credits and things like that.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Here are a couple of options, first making do with QuantitativeValue, second moving farther from that in order to provide more precision. (NB: URIs for scqf terms are made up)

{
  "@type": "ceterms:SQANational5",
  "ceterms:name": {
      "en-US": "National 5 Certificate"
    },
  "ceterms:requires": {
    "@type": "ceterms:ConditionProfile",
    "ceterms:creditValue": {
      "@type": "schema:QuantitativeValue",
      "schema:unitText": "SCQF Credit Points",
      "schema:value": 24,
      "schema:educationalLevel": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "@id": "http://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/#level5",
        "schema:name":"5",
        "inDefinedTermSet": "SCQF Levels"
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "@type": "ceterms:SQANational5",
  "ceterms:name": {
      "en-US": "National 5 Certificate"
    },
  "ceterms:requires": {
    "@type": "ceterms:ConditionProfile",
    "ceterms:creditValue": {
      "@type": "ceterms:Credit",
      "ceterms:framework": "http://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/#credits",
      "ceterms:frameworkName": "SCQF Credit Points",
      "schema:value": 24,
      "schema:educationalLevel": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "@id": "http://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/#level5",
        "schema:name":"5",
        "inDefinedTermSet": "SCQF Levels"
      }
    }
  }
}

And here's start at diagramming, which doesn't quite align with either option in JSON (sorry, ideas still in flux, and I'm drifting between schema.org-like and ctld-like approaches) but may help. credits

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

I noticed that the schema.org definition for https://schema.org/numberOfCredits now allows for either an integer or a https://schema.org/StructuredValue - is that new? It seems like that would cover our needs for describing the credits in more detail.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

@siuc-nate yeah schema has allowed the use of StructuredValue since numberOfCredits was added, and that may cover what we want, but imperfectly and only partially, I think, because there's no clear place to put educational level, and no unambiguous way to identify the scheme being used. (Plus there is the other issue that even though schema allows it, Google job training pathways doesn't)

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

I think the intent would be to use the schema:identifier property to identify both the type and level (as two separate values for that property) - it's not as concrete as schema:educationalLevel, but it does allow flexibility for other kinds of credit.

As for Google, we may have an easier time convincing them to use a range that's already prescribed versus getting them to adopt a CTDL class.

If I were to write a converter to output a schema.org record (similar to the EOCred converter) for a learning opportunity, I would (if only due to lack of having any other choice) use StructuredValue to carry the credit information.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Not sure I understand the case for using identifier for type and level. These are more about classification than identification. I think QuantitativeValue as described above is a better match, especially where no information about level is required (and you could get around that in some cases by atteching the level to the thing being described, e.g. Course when decsribing credits awaded).

To me adding CreditValue to schema.org as a subtype of StructuredValue is the way to go as far as Google pathways is concerned (which is why I suggested they include StructuredValue in the range of numberOfCredits).

We can probably do this through the EOCred W3C Community Group, but useful to sort out usecases first and make sure that those align with CTDL use.

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

If I'm reading it right, QuantitativeValue is a subclass(?) of StructuredValue. Does that mean it's acceptable (in terms of how schema.org intends things to be used) to use a QuantitativeValue anywhere something expects a StructuredValue? Or would QuantitativeValue need to be explicitly listed as a possible value for properties like numberOfCredits?

Either way, it looks like QuantitativeValue has an identifier property as well. To answer your question, my intent there would be to use it to identify the type of credit and identify any other relevant aspects of credit (such as educational level) as properties of the QuantiativeValue class that carries the numeric value for the credit itself - but I'm not sure (from the definition) whether that would be interpreted as an identifier for the credits or an identifier for the QuantitativeValue object itself.

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

Okay, I tried to work out an example, and I probably have to backpedal a little bit, because without some useful property to reference an existing term in a vocabulary somewhere that can provide context for what "SCQF Credits" and "Level 5" actually mean, this does fall a little flat:

{
  "@type": "ceterms:Certificate",
  "ceterms:requires": [
    {
      "@type": "ceterms:ConditionProfile",
      "ceterms:creditValue": [
        {
          "@type": "schema:QuantitativeValue",
          "schema:value": 24,
          "schema:description": { "en": "24 SCQF Level 5 Credits" },
          "schema:identifier" [
            {
              "@type": "schema:PropertyValue",
              "schema:unitText": { "en": "SCQF Credits" }
            },
            {
              "@type": "schema:PropertyValue",
              "schema:unitText": { "en": "Level 5" }
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

...And this would be simpler, now that it's staring me in the face:

{
  "@type": "ceterms:Certificate",
  "ceterms:requires": [
    {
      "@type": "ceterms:ConditionProfile",
      "ceterms:creditValue": [
        {
          "@type": "schema:QuantitativeValue",
          "schema:value": 24,
          "schema:description": { "en": "24 SCQF Level 5 Credits" },
          "schema:unitText" {
            "en": [ "SCQF Credits", "Level 5" ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
philbarker commented 4 years ago

Does that mean it's acceptable (in terms of how schema.org intends things to be used) to use a QuantitativeValue anywhere something expects a StructuredValue?

Yes, because a member of a sub class is a member of the super class. All QuantitativeValues are StructuredValues. This is worth remembering where the range is a high-level type such as Thing or CreativeWork.

QuantitativeValue has an identifier property as well. To answer your question, my intent there would be to use it to identify the type of credit ...

That doesn't sound right. You need an identifier for the QuantitativeValue itself, not an idenitifier for the type of QuanititiveValue. That is to say, an identifier is not a classifier. An identifier must identify a unique entity. In this case it would be like giving "6kg" and identifier.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Second example is better, but "Level 5" is not a unit in which credits are measured.

Best you could do is "schema:unitText" : "SCQF Level 5 Credits" but that (a) makes an arbitrary change to how SCQF deals with credits in order to fit the schema, and (b) needs out of band info to interpret what SCQF credits are. You might as well just stop with "schema:description": "24 SCQF Level 5 Credits".

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

Yes, because a member of a sub class is a member of the super class. All QuantitativeValues are StructuredValues. This is worth remembering where the range is a high-level type such as Thing or CreativeWork.

Good to know - I wasn't sure if that was the case or not since the notion of inheritance doesn't always work the same way across schemas/languages/systems/etc. Can something in schema.org be a subclass of more than one parent class (regardless of where it may get its properties from)?

That doesn't sound right. You need an identifier for the QuantitativeValue itself, not an idenitifier for the type of QuanititiveValue.

Yeah, I see what you mean.

So, it would appear we do need to, as you suggest, request a new class in schema.org to describe educational credits specifically. Are there other notions besides educationalLevel that such a class should cover? I don't know enough about the world of academic credit to suggest an example.

Regardless, I think such properties would be most effective if they leveraged skos:Concepts or some similar means of (externally) defining and referencing things like levels, since "Level 5" can mean so many different things in different situations.

Is schema:DefinedTerm meant to replace skos:Concept? It seems the two cover a lot of the same ground.

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

Best you could do is "schema:unitText" : "SCQF Level 5 Credits" but that (a) makes an arbitrary change to how SCQF deals with credits in order to fit the schema, and (b) needs out of band info to interpret what SCQF credits are.

I think part of this will depend on how specific those "levels" are to SCQF credits. If they're generic enough that they could be applied to other kinds of credits, then these would make sense as two distinct types of notion - one for the credit type and one for the level, that could be mixed and matched as needed. However, if the levels are closely tied to the SCQF credits, they may make sense as part of the same concept scheme, e.g.:

In other words, we would need to define levels to work independently of SCQF credits in order for them to be useful as a standalone concept scheme, I think. Again, I don't know enough about how that all works to guess at whether they can stand on their own or not.

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Can something in schema.org be a subclass of more than one parent class (regardless of where it may get its properties from)?

Yes, in which case it inherits properties from both parent classes. An example is https://schema.org/LocalBusiness which is both a Organization and a Place (as in usage "meet me at McDonald's"). You can also declare something to be more than one type of thing when describing it, e.g. a Product and a CreativeWork, which lets you use properties from both types.

Regardless, I think such properties would be most effective if they leveraged skos:Concepts or some similar means of (externally) defining and referencing things like levels, since "Level 5" can mean so many different things in different situations.... Is schema:DefinedTerm meant to replace skos:Concept?

Agreed, and yes it's similar (a couple of the examples I gave above use it for this).

we would need to define levels to work independently of SCQF credits in order for them to be useful as a standalone concept scheme

Levels are indeed independent of credits, and are applied to things other than credits

philbarker commented 4 years ago

Folks, a straw man proposal for some new terms to allow the description of level and unit of Credits:

New Class

URI: ceterms:CreditValue Label: Credit Value Definition: A value for the amount of credit required in a Condition Profile or awarded for successful completion of a Learning Opportunity or Assessment. Type of Term: rdfs:Class Subclass Of: ceterms:QuantitativeValue Properties: ceterms:creditUnitType ceterms:creditLevelType ceterms:description qdata:percentage schema:description schema:maxValue schema:minValue schema:unitText schema:value In Range Of: ceterms:creditValue

Updated Properties: Add:

Subject: ceterms:creditValue Predicate: schema:rangeIncludes Object: ceterms:CreditValue

New properties

URI: ceterms:creditUnitType Label: Credit Unit Type Definition: The type of credit associated with the credit awarded or required. Domain: ceterms:CreditValue Range: schema:DefinedTerm

URI: ceterms:creditLevelType Label: Credit Level Type Definition: The level of credit associated with the credit awarded or required. Domain: ceterms:CreditValue Range: schema:DefinedTerm

Samples

  1. this is based on the PESC example Nate showed in the May 5, 2020 team meeting notes
{
  "@context": [
    { "schema": "http://schema.org/"},
    { "ceterms": "https://purl.org/ctdl/terms/"}
  ],
  "@graph": {
    "@type": "ceterms:LearningOpportunityProfile",
    "ceterms:creditValue":  {
      "@type": "ceterms:CreditValue",
      "schema:value": 4.0,
      "ceterms:creditUnitType": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "@id": "https://ceds.ed.gov/element/000057#Semester",
        "schema:name": "Semester",
        "schema:inDefinedTermSet": {
          "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
          "schema:name": "CEDS"
        }
      },
      "ceterms:creditLevelType": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "@id": "https://ceds.ed.gov/element/001312#LowerDivision",
        "schema:name": "Lower division",
        "schema:inDefinedTermSet": {
          "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
          "schema:name": "CEDS"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Read as: A learning opportunity offers a credit value of 4.0 Semester units as defined by CEDS at a credit level Lower division as defined by CEDS.

  1. requirements for SQA National 5 Certificate (see above) 
    {
"@context": [
{ "schema": "http://schema.org/"},
{ "ceterms": "https://purl.org/ctdl/terms/"}
],
"@graph": {
"@type": "ceterms:Certificate",
"ceterms:name": {
    "en-US": "National 5 Certificate"
},
"ceterms:requires": {
  "@type": "ceterms:ConditionProfile",
  "ceterms:creditValue": {
    "@type": "ceterms:CreditValue",
    "schema:value": 24,
    "ceterms:creditUnitType": {
      "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
      "schema:name": "Credit Points",
      "schema:inDefinedTermSet": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "schema:name": "Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework",
        "url": "https://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/about-the-framework/"
      }
    },
    "ceterms:creditLevelType": {
      "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
      "schema:name": "Level 5",
      "schema:inDefinedTermSet": {
        "@type": "schema:DefinedTerm",
        "schema:name": "Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework",
        "url": "https://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/about-the-framework/"
      }
    }        
  }
}  
}
}

    Read as: A National 5 Certificate requires a credit value of 24 Credit Points as defined by the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework, at a credit level of Level 5 as defined by the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework

siuc-nate commented 4 years ago

Moving this to the June milestone, as the solution is not yet determined.

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

Per our 8/19/2020 meeting:

Determine how best to document credit like the following:

In the upper-division baccalaureate degree category, 2 semester hours in electrical engineering, data communications and networking, telecommunications, or management information systems (11/90).

Proposal Examples:


- A class of concept schemes that embodies the above but is left up to the user to define specific terms

{ "Value": 2.0, "UnitText": [ { "TargetNode": "https://acenet.edu/credittype/upperdivision" }, { "TargetNode": "https://acenet.edu/credittype/baccalaureate" }, { "TargetNode": "https://acenet.edu/credittype/semesterhour" }

] "Description": "In the upper-division baccalaureate degree category, 2 semester hours in electrical engineering, data communications and networking, telecommunications, or management information systems (11/90)." }


- A combination of our terms and user-defined terms:

{ "Value": 2.0, "UnitText": [ { "TargetNode": "https://acenet.edu/credittype/upperdivision" }, { "TargetNode": "audLevel:BachelorsDegree" }, { "TargetNode": "https://acenet.edu/credittype/semesterhour" } ] "Description": "In the upper-division baccalaureate degree category, 2 semester hours in electrical engineering, data communications and networking, telecommunications, or management information systems (11/90)." }

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

Additional example: https://www.ece.org/ECE-FIles/Sample-Reports/Sample_CBC_Report.pdf "Three years of undergraduate study with a grade average of 2.72"

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

Additional example: http://interstatepassport.wiche.edu/documents/IP_Overview.pdf "63 Passport Learning Outcomes" (competencies) or "1 Passport" or some other measure

jeannekitchens commented 3 years ago

@siuc-nate please use a Google doc and just as we showed updates to financial assistance use the same format as follows:

  1. show in black text all existing relevant concepts with their definitions and comments.
  2. show all proposed changes using red text for new terms and definition and comment revisions interspersed with this GitHub issue.
  3. use the Transfer Value Google Sheet to include the upper and lower division.
  4. show the structure as a heirarchy if it's applicable.
  5. link to this issue and we'll review to create a final proposal to review and move this forward with Transfer Value.
siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

I created a document here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LC6_GbKdYWYwLoGtYAUahRxWdSJ2By815Br_-iQ1mGw/edit#

This document assumes an approach where:

Examples:

{
  "ceterms:creditValue": [
    {
      "@type": "schema:QuantitativeValue",
      "schema:description": { "en": "Three years of undergraduate study with a grade average of 2.72" },
      "ceterms:creditLevelType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNode": "audLevel:Undergraduate"
        }
      ],
      "schema:value": 3.0,
      "schema:unitText": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNodeName": "Years"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
{
  "ceterms:creditValue": [
    {
      "@type": "ceterms:CreditValue",
      "ceterms:description": "63 Passport Learning Outcomes",
      "ceterms:creditUnitType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNode": "creditUnit:Competency"
        }
      ],
      "schema:value": 63.0
    }
  ]
}
{
  "ceterms:creditValue": [
    {
      "@type": "ceterms:CreditValue",
      "ceterms:description": "24 Credit Points at Level 5 as described by the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework.",
      "ceterms:creditUnitType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNodeName": { "en": "Credit Points" },
          "ceterms:framework": "https://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/about-the-framework/",
          "ceterms:frameworkName": { "en": "Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework" }
        }
      ],
      "ceterms:creditLevelType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNodeName": { "en": "Level 5" },
          "ceterms:framework": "https://scqf.org.uk/the-framework/about-the-framework/",
          "ceterms:frameworkName": { "en": "Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework" }
        }
      ],
      "schema:value": 24
    }
  ]
}
{
  "ceterms:creditValue": [
    {
      "@type": "ceterms:CreditValue",
      "ceterms:description": "In the upper-division baccalaureate degree category, 2 semester hours in electrical engineering, data communications and networking, telecommunications, or management information systems (11/90).",
      "ceterms:creditUnitType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNode": "creditUnit:DegreeCredit"
        },
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNode": "creditUnit:SemesterHour"
        }
      ],
      "ceterms:creditLevelType": [
        {
          "@type": "ceterms:CredentialAlignmentObject",
          "ceterms:targetNode": "audLevel:UpperDivision"
        }
      ],
      "schema:value": 2
    }
  ]
}
siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

Based on @philbarker's proposal:

New Class

URI: ceterms:CreditValue Label: Credit Value Definition: A value and description of credit awarded for, required by, or otherwise related to the resource. Type of Term: rdfs:Class Subclass Of: schema:QuantitativeValue Properties: ceterms:creditUnitType ceterms:creditLevelType schema:description schema:value In Range Of: ceterms:creditValue

Updated Properties: Remove:

Subject: ceterms:creditValue Predicate: schema:rangeIncludes Object: schema:QuantitativeValue

Add:

Subject: ceterms:creditValue Predicate: schema:rangeIncludes Object: ceterms:CreditValue

New Property

URI: ceterms:creditLevelType Label: Credit Level Type Definition: The level of credit associated with the credit awarded or required. Domain: ceterms:CreditValue Range: skos:Concept

Un-deprecated and revamped Property: Note: The semantic meaning/intent/usage of this property is the same as what it was before, so it shouldn't be a problem to bring this URI out of mothball status and back into use.

URI: ceterms:creditUnitType Label: Credit Unit Type Definition: The type of credit associated with the credit awarded or required. Domain: ceterms:CreditValue Range: skos:Concept

Specifics for this revamp: Remove:

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: rdfs:comment Object: Type of credit associated with both degree and non-degree learning opportunities; select from an existing enumeration of such types.

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: vann:usageNote Object: Best practice is to use concepts from a controlled vocabulary such as ceterms:CreditUnit.

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: vs:term_status Object: vs:deprecated

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: meta:supersededBy Object: schema:unitText

Add:

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: rdfs:comment Object: The type of credit associated with the credit awarded or required.

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: vs:term_status Object: vs:stable

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: schema:domainIncludes Object: ceterms:CreditValue

Subject: ceterms:creditUnitType Predicate: schema:rangeIncludes Object: skos:Concept

Based on our 9-22-2020 meeting, the above would also go hand in hand with updates to our Credit Unit and Audience Level concept schemes:

Update the definition of ceterms:CreditUnit (the concept scheme) Remove:

Subject: ceterms:CreditUnit Predicate: rdfs:comment Object: Types of credit associated with degree and non-degree learning opportunities.

Add:

Subject: ceterms:CreditUnit Predicate: rdfs:comment Object: Broad descriptions of units used to measure credit associated with a resource.

--

Create two new high-level credit unit types (skos:Concepts) to serve as categories for the other types:

URI: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit Label: Type-Based Credit Definition: Credit with a unit of measurement based on the type of credit. In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit Label: Time-Based Credit Definition: Credit with a unit of measurement based on time, either figuratively or literally. In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

--

Update all existing credit unit types to be subconcepts of creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit: Add:

Subject: creditUnit:CertificateCredit Predicate: skos:broader Object: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit

Subject: creditUnit:ContinuingEducationUnit Predicate: skos:broader Object: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit

Subject: creditUnit:DegreeCredit Predicate: skos:broader Object: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit

Subject: creditUnit:SecondaryDiplomaCredit Predicate: skos:broader Object: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit

--

Create new skos:Concepts under creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit:

URI: creditUnit:CompetencyCredit Label: Competency Credit Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted for a particular competency or set of competencies. Broader: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:RequirementCredit Label: Requirement Credit Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted for some type of requirement. Broader: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:DualCredit Label: Dual Credit Definition: Credit that is applicable to two different educational levels. Broader: creditUnit:TypeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

--

Create new skos:Concepts under creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit:

URI: creditUnit:SemesterHour Label: Semester Hour Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted at a semester level. Broader: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:QuarterHour Label: Quarter Hour Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted at an academic quarter level. Broader: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:ClockHour Label: Clock Hour Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more temporal hours. Broader: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:ContactHour Label: Contact Hour Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more temporal hours of instruction presented to students. Broader: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

URI: creditUnit:AcademicYear Label: Academic Year Definition: Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more academic years. Broader: creditUnit:TimeBasedCredit In Scheme: ceterms:CreditUnit

Create new skos:Concepts under the ceterms:AudienceLevel Concept Scheme:

URI: audLevel:ProfessionalLevel Label: Professional Level Definition: Intended for those attending professional programs or equivalent, such as law or medicine. Comment: Other levels can typically be paired with Professional Level to refine a description of a level. In Scheme: ceterms:AudienceLevel

URI: audLevel:LowerDivisionLevel Label: Lower Division Level Definition: Intended for those in the first half of an undergraduate level program. In Scheme: ceterms:AudienceLevel

URI: audLevel:UpperDivisionLevel Label: Upper Division Level Definition: Intended for those in the second half of an undergraduate level program. In Scheme: ceterms:AudienceLevel

URI: audLevel:UndergraduateLevel Label: Undergraduate Level Definition: Intended for those who are enrolled in a degree program or other formal program at or below the baccalaureate, such as an associate’s degree, vocational, or technical program. In Scheme: ceterms:AudienceLevel

URI: audLevel:GraduateLevel Label: Graduate Level Definition: Intended for those who enrolled in a degree program or other formal program above the baccalaureate level, such as a masters or doctoral degree program. In Scheme: ceterms:AudienceLevel

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

@jeannekitchens @stuartasutton @philbarker @mparsons-ce I have updated the post above with the final proposal for the class, properties, and concept updates.

jeannekitchens commented 3 years ago

Thank you @siuc-nate. Could you also link the updated domain model for Transfer Value Profile using CreditUnit...or paste it in and provide the URL as well?

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

This should capture it: https://app.diagrams.net/#G1Yg0qKQAQnK8Qev2rWYKQJfO9NvOQUM7_

image

siuc-nate commented 3 years ago

These changes have been made in pending CTDL and noted in the history tracking.