Create a KMS Key for Storage Folder Encryption

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Creating a KMS Key for Terraform State Encryption

Understanding KMS Keys:

A KMS key is a cryptographic key that can be used to encrypt and decrypt data. In GCP, KMS keys are managed by the Key Management Service (KMS).

Steps:

1. Create a KMS Key Ring:

   gcloud kms keyrings create my-keyring \
    --location us-central1 \
    --project your-project-id

   • This command creates a key ring named my-keyring in the us-central1 region of your project.

2. Create a KMS Key:

   gcloud kms keys create my-key \
    --keyring my-keyring \
    --location us-central1 \
    --project your-project-id \
    --purpose encryption

   • This command creates a key named my-key within the my-keyring key ring. The key is intended for encryption purposes.

3. Get the Key Version Name:

   gcloud kms keyrings list-versions my-keyring my-key

   • This command lists the versions of the key. You'll need the name of the latest version for your Terraform configuration.

Using the KMS Key in Terraform:

1. Configure the Terraform Backend:

   terraform {
    backend "gcs" {
      bucket        = "your-terraform-state-bucket"
      prefix        = "terraform-state"
      key           = "terraform.tfstate"
      credentials   = file("path/to/your/service-account.json")
      region        = "us-central1" # Replace with your bucket's region
      encryption     = "kms"
      kms_key_name  = "projects/your-project-id/locations/us-central1/keyRings/my-keyring/cryptoKeys/my-key/cryptoKeyVersions/latest"
    }
   }

   • Replace the placeholders with your actual values.

Explanation:

• encryption = "kms": Specifies that KMS encryption should be used.
• kms_key_name: Sets the name of the KMS key version to use for encryption.

Additional Considerations:

• Key Rotation: Regularly rotate your KMS keys to enhance security.
• IAM Permissions: Ensure that the service account used by Terraform has the necessary permissions to access and use the KMS key.
• Key Usage Restrictions: You can configure KMS keys with restrictions on their usage to further enhance security.

By following these steps, you can create a KMS key and use it to encrypt your Terraform state stored in a GCS bucket. This provides an additional layer of security for your infrastructure.

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Enable Cloud KMS API

gcloud services enable cloudkms.googleapis.com --project my-project-id

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