Scientific research and discoveries in the field of medicine and biology

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Artificial womb development brings new hope for some preemies: https://www.fox16.com/donna-terrells-family-health/artificial-womb-development-brings-new-hope-for-some-preemies/

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World's 1st 'tooth regrowth' medicine moves toward clinical trials in Japan: https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20230609/p2a/00m/0sc/026000c#:~:text=OSAKA%20%2D%2D%20A%20Japanese%20research,teeth%20due%20to%20congenital%20factors. Wow, I'm surprised this is possible. I hope for positive results of clinical experiments.

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A resource where you can find Russian scientists: https://colab.ws/researchers

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Researchers See Through a Mouse's Eyes by Decoding Brain Signals: https://gizmodo.com/ai-deep-learning-brain-activity-mouse-science-movie-cli-1850398690

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Alzheimer

Articles:

Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35516416/

Alzheimer’s Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697769/

AI can identify subtle language and audio changes in patients at early stages of Alzheimer's: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230412/AI-can-identify-subtle-language-and-audio-changes-in-patients-at-early-stages-of-Alzheimers.aspx

Russian YouTube video: https://youtu.be/_qLNNxTzbwU https://youtu.be/VwEYzqiqD7I

Russian article: https://knife.media/alzheimer-therapy/

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Scientists have developed longevity in cells with a hack that extends lifespan: https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-engineer-longevity-in-cells-with-a-hack-that-extends-lifespan

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Injection of klotho protein into older monkeys found to improve cognitive decline: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-klotho-protein-older-monkeys-cognitive.html

https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-023-00441-x

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Artificial cells demonstrate that 'life finds a way'. Evolutionary biologist Jay T. Lennon's research team has been studying a synthetically constructed minimal cell that has been stripped of all but its essential genes. The team found that the streamlined cell can evolve just as fast as a normal cell—demonstrating the capacity for organisms to adapt, even with an unnatural genome that would seemingly provide little flexibility:

https://phys.org/news/2023-07-artificial-cells-life.html

Evolution of a minimal cell: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06288-x

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Recommend news websites:

https://phys.org/#!

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Researchers uncover a new CRISPR-like system in animals that can edit the human genome The first RNA-guided DNA-cutting enzyme found in eukaryotes, Fanzor could one day be harnessed to edit DNA more precisely than CRISPR/Cas systems: https://news.mit.edu/2023/fanzor-system-in-animals-can-edit-human-genome-0628

Fanzor is a eukaryotic programmable RNA-guided endonuclease: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06356-2#Sec4

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Scientists turned to an oddball bacterial molecule that looks like a jaw full of sharp teeth to create a new type of fuel that could be used for all types of vehicles, including rockets: https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2022/06/30/bacteria-for-blastoff/

A Biofuel Breakthrough, Courtesy of Fungi https://www.jbei.org/a-biofuel-breakthrough-courtesy-of-fungi/

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Spiders are amazing! Their limbs work on hydraulics and their abilities are used in developments in the field of robotics. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/07/220725105559.htm

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Early exposure to antibiotics can cause permanent asthma and allergies https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/07/220728134111.htm

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Why thinking hard makes you tired? I thought the brain was just saving energy, but it turns out that the brain accumulates toxic products in the prefrontal cortex

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/08/220811135344.htm

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Artificial finger able to identify surface material with 90% accuracy https://techxplore.com/news/2022-08-artificial-finger-surface-material-accuracy.html

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Motile Living Biobots Self-Construct from Adult Human Somatic Progenitor Seed Cells https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.04.502707v1

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Can a child have 3 parents? Pre-fertilization DNA transfer to avoid mitochondrial disease inheritance appears safe https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/08/220816142725.htm

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Ants are able to increase lifespan by becoming a queen https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220901151609.htm

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Immortal jellyfish https://phys.org/news/2022-08-genetic-immortal-jellyfish-longevity.html

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Making Renewable, Infinitely Recyclable Plastics Using Bacteria https://www.jbei.org/making-renewable-infinitely-recyclable-plastics-using-bacteria/

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Human Brain Cells in a Dish Learn to Play “Pong” https://www.genengnews.com/news/human-brain-cells-in-a-dish-learn-to-play-pong/#

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Human Cerebral Organoids Transplanted Into Newborn Rats Integrate With Their Brain https://www.technologynetworks.com/neuroscience/news/human-cerebral-organoids-transplanted-into-newborn-rats-integrate-with-their-brain-366506

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First ever clinical trial of laboratory grown red blood cells being transfused into another person https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/news/first-ever-clinical-trial-of-laboratory-grown-red-blood-cells-being-transfused-into-another-person/

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Smallest mobile 'lifeform' created, scientists report https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/11/221130151501.htm

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Scientists Reconstruct 2-Million-Year-Old Ecosystem from Environmental DNA https://www.sci.news/paleontology/kap-kobenhavn-ecosystem-11461.html

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Team creates protein-based material that can stop supersonic impacts https://phys.org/news/2022-12-team-protein-based-material-supersonic-impacts.html

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Artificial Organic Neurons Created – Almost Like Biological Nerve Cells https://scitechdaily.com/artificial-organic-neurons-created-almost-like-biological-nerve-cells/

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A team of researchers has developed a way to use photosynthetic cells from plants when treating osteoarthritis in mice: https://phys.org/news/2022-12-plant-derived-nanothylakoid-anabolism-mammals-disease.html

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Plasticosis: scientists describe first disease plastic ingestion by humans, animals https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/42687/20230306/plasticosis-scientists-describe-first-disease-plastic-ingestion-humans-animals.htm

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Couples undergoing fertility treatments may soon be able to select the sex of their baby—with an 80% chance of success!

In the study, more than 1,300 couples underwent a sperm-sorting technique that uses a specific multilayer density gradient, or medium, to allow particles of different sizes to separate themselves based on weight.

Sperm that contain an X chromosome (female) are slightly heavier than sperm containing a Y chromosome (male)

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-03-technique-effective-baby-gender.html

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George Church’s Lab Engineers Virus-Resistant Bacterium with Synthetic Genome https://www.genengnews.com/news/george-churchs-lab-engineers-virus-resistant-bacterium-with-synthetic-genome/

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Novel drug makes mice skinny even on sugary, fatty diet. Deleting MRS2, a gene that promotes magnesium transport into the mitochondria, resulted in more efficient metabolism of sugar and fat in the power plants. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230322082730.htm

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Stressed plants emit airborne sounds that can be detected from over a meter away! https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/983739

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Cold activates a cellular cleansing mechanism that breaks down harmful protein aggregations responsible for various diseases associated with aging. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/04/230403133449.htm

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A new artificial intelligence system called a semantic decoder can translate a person’s brain activity — while listening to a story or silently imagining telling a story — into a continuous stream of text.

Unlike other language decoding systems in development, this system does not require subjects to have surgical implants, making the process noninvasive. Participants also do not need to use only words from a prescribed list. Brain activity is measured using an fMRI scanner after extensive training of the decoder, in which the individual listens to hours of podcasts in the scanner. Later, provided that the participant is open to having their thoughts decoded, their listening to a new story or imagining telling a story allows the machine to generate corresponding text from brain activity alone.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/987750

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Y chromosome fully sequenced for the first time! Large portions of the Y chromosome have long been inaccessible to scientists, namely on account of what’s known as satellite DNA. Now scientists will be able to include it in genomewide association studies

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Neuroscientists decoded a Pink Floyd song using people’s brain activity https://www.sciencenews.org/article/neuroscientist-pink-floyd-music-brain-activity

The scientists demonstrated a speech-to-text BCI that records peak activity from intracortical microelectrode arrays. With these high-resolution recordings, a study participant who could no longer speak intelligibly due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis achieved a 9.1% word error with a vocabulary of 50 words. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06377-x

Created a high-performance neuroprosthesis for speech decoding and avatar control https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06443-4

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Surgeons at NYU Langone Health have transplanted a genetically engineered pig kidney that continues to function well after 32 days in a man declared dead by neurologic criteria and maintained with a beating heart on ventilator support. This represents the longest period that a gene-edited pig kidney has functioned in a human, and the latest step toward the advent of an alternate, sustainable supply of organs for transplant. https://nyulangone.org/news/pig-kidney-xenotransplantation-performing-optimally-after-32-days-human-body

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Researchers have engineered bacteria that can identify tumor DNA in a live organism. This innovation, which successfully detected cancer in the colons of mice, has the potential for the creation of new biosensors to identify infections, cancers, and other diseases.

https://mobile.labmedica.com/?option=com_mobile_article&Itemid=294798232

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Neuroscientists have discovered that life adversities can permanently alter brain functioning, with certain brain reactions being linked to anxiety symptoms, potentially predicting psychiatric disorders. Their research on 170 individuals, using AI-assisted brain scans, highlights connections between life adversities and stable brain patterns.

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-discover-that-adversities-can-permanently-change-our-brains/?expand_article=1#google_vignette

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Longevity gene from naked mole rats extends lifespan of mice The successful transfer of a gene that produces HMW-HA paves the way for improving the health and lifespan of humans, too. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/08/230823165402.htm

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Banking cryopreserved organs could transform transplantation into a planned procedure that more equitably reaches patients regardless of geographical and time constraints.

Scientists use “nanowarming,” which employs alternating magnetic fields to heat nanoparticles within the organ vasculature, to achieve both rapid and uniform warming, after which the nanoparticles are removed by perfusion. We show that vitrified kidneys can be cryogenically stored (up to 100 days) and successfully recovered by nanowarming to allow transplantation and restore life-sustaining full renal function in nephrectomized recipients in a male rat model.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38824-8

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Until now, it was believed that paternal mitochondria are quickly destroyed in the egg after fertilization, but now American and Spanish scientists have proven that this is not so. They found that mature sperm do not contain mitochondrial DNA at all - it breaks down even at an early stage of the formation of these cells

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-023-01505-9

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Neuralink, said it has received approval from an independent review board to begin recruiting patients for its first human trial. The company is seeking people with paralysis to test its experimental device in a six-year study!

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/sep/19/elon-musk-neuralink-human-trials-brain-implant

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Transplantology continues to develop: UM Medicine Faculty-Scientists and Clinicians Perform Second Historic Transplant of Pig Heart into Patient with End-Stage Cardiovascular Disease https://www.medschool.umaryland.edu/news/2023/UM-Medicine-Faculty-Scientists-and-Clinicians-Perform-Second-Historic-Transplant-of-Pig-Heart-into-Patient-with-End-Stage-Cardiovascular-Disease.html

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In a new study, Prof. Jeffrey Hubbell and fellow researchers describe a new “inverse vaccine” that in a lab setting can stop autoimmune reactions which attack a person’s healthy tissues, as seen in diseases multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis.

https://pme.uchicago.edu/news/inverse-vaccine-shows-potential-treat-multiple-sclerosis-and-other-autoimmune-diseases

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News from the field of regeneration and transplantology: https://youtu.be/fEIky0hZU3g?si=lxyrlCsu8uec7hjt

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Swedish scientists conducted one of the largest studies on aging and identified specific biomarkers characteristic of centenarians, and also found out what their values were in people who lived to be 100 years old.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-023-00936-w

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The future, in which people will be able to fully restore their lost abilities with the help of implants, has become a little closer. Engineers developed a bionic arm interface that connects the robotic prosthesis directly to the patient's skeleton and nervous system.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.adf7360

[Darviridis]

The future, in which people will be able to fully restore their lost abilities with the help of implants, has become a little closer. Engineers developed a bionic arm interface that connects the robotic prosthesis directly to the patient's skeleton and nervous system.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.adf7360