Code Review #1

[Atmcalpine]

Code review for the following files:

• post/user.php
• login.php

[Atmcalpine]

File Analysis

post/user.php

This file was noted as having the following vulnerabilities:

• CWE-89: SQL Injection
  • The vulnerability was caused on line 342 by a lack of sanitizing input from cookie flows into the "mysqli-query" where it is leveraged in an SQL query. Here, the '$password' variable is not properly sanitized making this code susceptible to SQL injection attacks.
• CWE-601: Open Redirect
  • The vulnerability was caused on lines 73, 150, 173, 197, 221, 250, and 325 where a lack of sanitizing input from HTTP headers flow into a header, where it is used as an URL to redirect the user. An attacker could manipulate or omit this header, leading to a redirection to an unintended location.

Additional CWE vulnerabilities were noted by the Snyk application; however, further investigation determined that these were considered to be false positives. See the following data for information regarding these false positives:

• CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF):
  • The code appears to use CSRF tokens (validateCSRFToken($_POST['csrf_token'])) to protect against CSRF attacks.
• CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function:
  • Authentication-related actions seem to be present, but the actual authentication mechanism is not provided in the snippet.
• CWE-285: Improper Authorization:
  • Ensure that all actions performed in the code have proper authorization checks, especially actions related to user management.
• CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'):
  • The provided code does not seem to directly interact with the operating system commands.

login.php

Using the Snyk application a number of CWE vulnerabilities were noted; however, following further investigation it was determined that these were considered to be false positives. See the following data for information regarding these false positives:

• CWE-89: SQL Injection:
  • The code uses parameterized queries when interacting with the database (mysqli functions), which helps prevent SQL injection. Therefore, there are no apparent instances of CWE-89 in the provided code.
• CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect'):
  • The code uses header("Location: ...") for redirection but appears to use $_SERVER["HTTP_REFERER"] for the URL, which could potentially be manipulated. This might introduce a risk of open redirection (CWE-601). However, the usage context is not clear, and it could be secure depending on how the HTTP referer is validated.
• CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'):
  • The code seems to properly sanitize and validate user inputs, reducing the risk of cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks (CWE-79).
• CWE-532: Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File:
  • The code logs various activities, including login attempts, but it seems to avoid logging sensitive information like passwords.
• CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute:
  • The code includes logic to set the Secure attribute on cookies when using HTTPS. This is a good practice for securing session cookies, addressing concerns related to CWE-614.