Small-World Graph
Description: A graph characterized by short path lengths and high clustering,
often generated by the Watts-Strogatz model.
Use Cases: Social network analysis and the study of efficient communication
networks.
Multigraph
Description: A graph where multiple edges (parallel edges) can exist between the
same set of vertices.
Use Cases: Transportation networks and network reliability studies.
Hypergraph
Description: A generalization of a graph where an edge (called a hyperedge) can
connect any number of vertices.
Use Cases: Representing complex relationships in data sets, such as database
modeling and VLSI design.