Firebird performance drop on NVME

We have a Firebird 4 database which is currently stored on a SATA-SSD. The performance is fine in this scenario. Noe we put a nvme SSD into our server and copied the database over to the nvme. The performance is now significantly worse with up to 5 times longer loading from all our queries.
We also tried to install firebird on the nvme but there is no difference in performance when doing so. We also experienced the same issue with a firebird 2.5 and 3.0 database.
Is there any magic workaround to get better performance from an NVME? All other applications are running much faster on the NVME except for Firebird. The OS is not installed on this nvme, it is a separate drive.
This is our firebird.conf
#########################################
#
# Firebird version 4.0 configuration file
#
# Comments
# --------
# The # character is used for comments and can be placed anywhere on a
# line.  Anything following the # character on a line is considered a
# comment.
#
# Examples:
#
#    # This is a comment
#    DefaultDbCachePages = 2048   # This is an end-of-line comment
#
# Entries
# -------
# The default value for each entry is listed to the right of the "=".
# To activate an entry, remove the leading "#"s and supply the desired
# value.
#
# Please note, by default a number of the values are specified in **Bytes** (Not KB).
# You may add obvious abbreviations k, m and g in the end of a number to specify
# kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes.
#
# There are three types of configuration values: integer, boolean and string.
#
# Integer
# -------
# Integers is what they sound like, an integral value. Examples:
#   1
#   42
#   4711
#   24M     # 24 * 1024 * 1024
#
# Boolean
# -------
# Boolean is expressed as integer values with 0 (zero) being "false" and
# non-zero is taken to mean "true". For consistency we recommend you
# only use 0/1. Also strings 'y', 'yes' and 'true' stand for "true".
#
# String
# ------
# Strings are also what they sound like, strings. Examples:
#   RemoteServiceName = gds_db
#   RemotePipeName = pipe47
#
# Scopes
# ------
# Some parameters are marked as per-database / per-connection configurable.
# Per-database configuration is done in file databases.conf (former aliases.conf).
# Per-connection configuration is primarily client tool and done using
# isc_dpb_config parameter in DPB (isc_spb_config for services).
# Configuration data, added to parameters block, has same format as this file.
# Pay attention that since firebird3 there is no hard limit of 255 bytes per entry
# provided you are using isc_dpb_version2 format of DPB. The simplest way to create
# DPB/SPB is to use IXpbBuilder - when needed you will have >255 bytes entries in
# parameters block. Notice that per-database entries also may be tuned using DPB
# in case of embedded engine when attaching to database first time.
#
# Macro substitution
# ------------------
# There is a number of predefined macro commands, that can be used in config
# files where directory name is needed. They are available using $(name) syntax.
# The complete list of them as follows:
#   root - root directory of firebird instance
#   install - directory where firebird is installed
#   this - directory where current configuration file is located
#   dir_conf - directory where firebird.conf and databases.conf are located
#   dir_secDb - directory where default security database is located
#   dir_plugins - directory where plugins are located
#   dir_udf - directory where UDFs are located by default
#   dir_sample - directory where samples are located
#   dir_sampleDb - directory where sample DB (employee.fdb) is located
#   dir_intl - directory where international modules are located
#   dir_msg - directory where messages file (firebird.msg) is located
# Like the rest of config internals macros are case-insensitive.
# Capital letters here are used only for better human readability.
#
#
# Includes
# --------
# One can include one config file into another one.
# When relative path is used, it's treated relative to current config file.
# I.e. when
#   include some_file.conf
# is used in /opt/config/master.conf, we include /opt/config/some_file.conf.
# Traditional wildcards * and ? may be used in include operator. In this case
# all matching files will be included in undefined order. Example:
#   include $(dir_plugins)/config/*.conf
#
# Portions of this file have been reproduced/made available with the
# permission of Ann Harrison @ IBPhoenix.
#
#########################################

# ----------------------------
# Database Paths/Directories
#
# DatabaseAccess may be None, Full or Restrict. If you choose Restrict,
# provide ';'-separated trees list, where database files are stored.
# Relative paths are treated relative to the root directory of firebird.
# Default value 'Full' gives full access to all files on your site.
# To specify access to specific trees, enum all required paths
# (for Windows this may be something like 'C:\DataBase;D:\Mirror',
# for unix - '/db;/mnt/mirrordb'). If you choose 'None', then only
# databases listed in databases.conf can be attached.
#
# Note: simple quotation marks shown above should *NOT* be used when
# specifying values and directory path names. Examples:
#
# DatabaseAccess = None
# DatabaseAccess = Restrict C:\DataBase
# DatabaseAccess = Restrict C:\DataBase;D:\Mirror
# DatabaseAccess = Restrict /db
# DatabaseAccess = Restrict /db;/mnt/mirrordb
# DatabaseAccess = Full
#
# UNCONTROLLED DATABASE ACCESS MAY COMPROMISE YOUR SYSTEM!
# IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED THAT THIS SETTING BE USED TO LIMIT
# DATABASE LOCATIONS!
#
# Type: string (special format)
#
#DatabaseAccess = Full

# ----------------------------
# Ability to access databases remotely
#
# RemoteAccess may be true or false (1/0, Yes/No) - it's boolean value.
# By default RemoteAccess to all databases except security DB is enabled.
# If you plan to use more than one dedicated security database it's
# recommended to disable remote access to them in databases.conf.
# However (as an additional method to have secure enhanced firebird
# installation) one can disable remote access globally and re-enable
# in databases.conf only for specific databases.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#RemoteAccess = true

# ----------------------------
# External File Paths/Directories
#
# ExternalFileAccess may be None, Full or Restrict. If you choose
# Restrict, provide ';'-separated trees list, where external files
# are stored. Relative paths are treated relative to the root directory
# of firebird. Default value 'None' disables any use of external files
# on your site. To specify access to specific trees, enum all required
# paths (for Windows this may be something like 'C:\ExternalTables',
# for unix - '/db/extern;/mnt/extern').
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# NOTE: THE EXTERNAL TABLE ENGINE FEATURE COULD BE USED TO COMPROMISE
# THE SERVER/HOST AS WELL AS DATABASE SECURITY!!
#
# IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED THAT THIS SETTING BE USED TO LIMIT
# EXTERNAL TABLE LOCATIONS!
#
# Type: string (special format)
#
#ExternalFileAccess = None

# ----------------------------
# External Function (UDF) Paths/Directories
#
# UdfAccess may be None, Full or Restrict. If you choose
# Restrict, provide ';'-separated trees list, where UDF libraries
# are stored. Relative paths are treated relative to the root directory
# of firebird.
#
# Since FB4.0 default value is None. Set it to 'Restrict UDF' to have
# the same restrictions as in previous FB versions. To specify access
# to specific trees, enum all required paths (for Windows this may be
# something like 'C:\ExternalFunctions', for unix - '/db/udf;/mnt/udf').
#
# NOTE: THE EXTERNAL FUNCTION ENGINE FEATURE COULD BE USED TO COMPROMISE
# THE SERVER/HOST AS WELL AS DATABASE SECURITY!!
#
# IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED THAT THIS SETTING REMAINS NONE!
#
# Type: string (special format)
#
#UdfAccess = None

# ----------------------------
# Temporary directories
#
# Provide ';'-separated trees list, where temporary files are stored.
# Relative paths are treated relative to the root directory of firebird.
# Default value is determined using FIREBIRD_TMP, TEMP or TMP
# environment options. Once the first specified directory has no
# available space, the engine will switch to the next one, and so on.
#
# E.g.:
# TempDirectories = c:\temp
# or
# TempDirectories = c:\temp;d:\temp
#
# Type: string (special format)
#
#TempDirectories =

# ----------------------------
# Directory to put data of temporary tables and blobs
#
# When empty, not exists or not accessible, default directory will be used
# as determined by FIREBIRD_TMP, TEMP or TMP environment variables.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: string
#
#TempTableDirectory =

# ----------------------------
# Trace configuration file for system audit
#
# Empty value means that system audit is turned off.
#
# Type: string
#
#AuditTraceConfigFile =

# ----------------------------
# Maximum summary size of each user trace session's log files in MB.
# When log files size reach this limit, trace session automatically
# suspends until interactive user service read and delete some log files.
#
# Type: integer
#
#MaxUserTraceLogSize = 10

# ----------------------------
# Number of cached database pages
#
# This sets the number of pages from any one database that can be held
# in cache at once. If you increase this value, the engine will
# allocate more pages to the cache for every database. By default, the
# SuperServer allocates 2048 pages for each database and the classic
# allocates 256 pages per client connection per database.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#DefaultDbCachePages = 2048

# ----------------------------
# Disk space preallocation
#
# Sets the amount of preallocated disk space in bytes. Disk space
# preallocation allows to reduce physical file fragmentation and to make
# database work in out of disk space condition. With preallocation enabled,
# engine allocates 1/16nth of already allocated disk space at a time but
# not less than 128KB and no more than DatabaseGrowthIncrement (128MB by
# default). To disable preallocation set DatabaseGrowthIncrement to zero.
# Shadow database files are not preallocated.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#DatabaseGrowthIncrement = 128M

# ----------------------------
# File system cache usage
#
# Determines whether Firebird will use file system cache for database files or
# not.
#
# Type: boolean
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
#UseFileSystemCache = true

# ----------------------------
# File system cache threshold
#
# The threshold value that determines whether Firebird will use file system
# cache or not. File system caching is used if database cache size in pages
# (configured explicitly in database header or via DefaultDbCachePages setting)
# is less than FileSystemCacheThreshold value.
#
# To use file system cache always set FileSystemCacheThreshold to a large value.
# To bypass file system cache for all databases set FileSystemCacheThreshold to
# zero.
#
# CAUTION!
# This setting is deprecated and will be removed in future Firebird versions.
# Consider using "UseFileSystemCache" setting instead.
# If "UseFileSystemCache" is set, then value of "FileSystemCacheThreshold" is
# ignored.
# If "UseFileSystemCache" is not set, and "FileSystemCacheThreshold" is set
# then value of "FileSystemCacheThreshold" is in use and accounted by the
# engine.
#
# Type: integer, measured in database pages
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
#FileSystemCacheThreshold = 64K

# ----------------------------
# File system cache size
#
# This setting controls the maximum amount of RAM used by Windows file system
# cache on 64-bit Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 SP1 or later host. It has no
# effect for Unix hosts in this release yet.
#
# Note that the lowest number presently supported is 10%, and the highest number
# is 95%; numbers outside these limits will be set to the default of 30%.
#
# If the cache size has already been selected when the engine starts the host
# setting will not be changed. Thus you may need to reboot the host for the
# change of this setting to have effect.
#
# To leave host caching settings unchanged set this parameter to 0. This is
# the default parameter value.
#
# Security note
# To adjust the setting engine needs SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege right. Built-in
# service accounts and administrators have it by default. Installer grants this
# right to Firebird service account. If the engine fails to adjust the cache
# size setting it will log warning message to the firebird.log and continue.
#
# Type: integer, measured in % of total physical RAM
#
#FileSystemCacheSize = 0

# ----------------------------
# Remove protection against opening databases on NFS mounted volumes on
# Linux/Unix and SMB/CIFS volumes on Windows.
#
# This also permits creating database shadows on mounted network volumes.
#
#     ***WARNING*** ***WARNING*** ***WARNING*** ***WARNING***
#
# This option removes an important safety feature of Firebird and can
# cause irrecoverable database corruption. Do not use this option unless
# you understand the risks and are prepared to accept the loss of the
# contents of your database.
# Unless this configuration option is changed from 0 to 1, Firebird can
# open a database only if the database is stored on a drive physically
# attached to the local computer - the computer running that copy of
# Firebird. Requests for connections to databases stored on NFS mounted
# drives are redirected to a Firebird server running on the computer that
# "owns" the disk.
# This restriction prevents two different copies of Firebird from opening
# the same database without coordinating their activities. Uncoordinated
# access by multiple copies of Firebird will corrupt a database. On a local
# system, the system-level file locking prevents uncoordinated access to
# the database file.
#
# NFS does not provide a reliable way to detect multiple users of a file on
# an NFS mounted disk. If a second copy of Firebird connects to a database on
# an NFS mounted disk, it will corrupt the database.
# Under some circumstances, running a Firebird server on the computer that
# owns NFS mounted volumes is inconvenient or impossible. Applications that
# use the "embedded" variant of Firebird and never share access to a database
# can use this option to permit direct access to databases on NFS mounted
# volumes.
#
# The situation for SMB/CIFS is quite similar to NFS with not all configurations
# providing file locking mechanisms needed for safe operation. Using SuperServer
# engine with the database on NT file server may be considered relatively safe
# as file locking protects the database from being used by the several engines.
# Network stack can still change order of writes so you may get a corrupted
# database in case of network errors or power outage.
#
# The useful and safe case is working with a shared database marked read-only.
#
# DO NOT ENABLE THIS OPTION UNLESS YOU REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#RemoteFileOpenAbility = 0

# ----------------------------
# Temporary space management
#
# Temporary storage is used by the sorting module, it's also
# intended to store temporary datasets etc.
#
# The parameters below handle the allocation and caching policy
# for the temporary space manager. In previous Firebird versions,
# they were prefixed with "SortMem" instead of current "Temp".
#
# The smallest block size being allocated in the temporary storage.
# This value reflects the allocation granularity.
#
# Type: integer
#
#TempBlockSize = 1M

#
# The maximum amount of the temporary space that can be cached
# in memory.
#
# For Classic servers, this setting is defaulted to 8 MB.
# Although it can be increased, the value applies to each client
# connection/server instance and thus consumes a lot of memory.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#TempCacheLimit = 64M

# ----------------------------
# Maximum allowed identifier name length in bytes
#
# Sets a limit for the number of bytes in an identifier.
#
# Set to 31 to limit as Firebird 3 and previous versions.
# Setting this value for all databases (including the security database) may cause problems.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#MaxIdentifierByteLength = 252

# ----------------------------
# Maximum allowed identifier name length in characters
#
# Sets a limit for the number of characters in an identifier.
#
# Setting this value for all databases (including the security database) may cause problems.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#MaxIdentifierCharLength = 63

# ----------------------------
# Threshold that controls whether to store non-key fields inside the sort block
# or refetch them from data pages after the sorting.
#
# Defines the maximum sort record size (in bytes) that can be stored inline,
# i.e. inside the sort block. Zero means that records are always refetched.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#InlineSortThreshold = 1000

# ----------------------------
#
# This group of parameters determines what plugins will be used by firebird.
# Format of string is the list of plugins, separated by space, ',' or ';'.
# Plugins will be tried in an order, specified here.
# In many cases correct order is important!
#
# Type: string

# AuthServer and AuthClient determine which authentication methods will be used
# by network server and client redirector. The Secure remote password plugin
# using SHA-256 for the client proof is the default for both client and Server.
# Additionally, the default client configuration (AuthClient) also supports old Srp
# plugin using SHA-1 for the client proof. This enables backwards compatibility
# with old Firebird 3 servers but does not comply with NIST security requirements.
# Srp plugins using other SHA algorithms (SHA-224, SHA-384 & SHA-512) are also
# implemented and may be used (names are Srp224, Srp384 & Srp512 respectively).
#
# The default client configuration (AuthClient) also supports the pre-Firebird 3 legacy
# authentication protocol (Legacy_Auth). This is again for backwards
# compatibility but has many known weaknesses and is deprecated for current use.
#
# The default Windows client configuration (AuthClient) also includes support for
# the Win_Sspi plugin. This implements windows trusted authentication and is backward
# compatible with 2.1 and 2.5 clients and servers running on Windows.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
AuthServer = Srp256, Srp, Win_Sspi, Legacy_Auth
#
# Per-connection and per-database configurable.
#
#AuthClient = Srp256, Srp, Legacy_Auth           #Non Windows clients
AuthClient = Srp256, Srp, Win_Sspi, Legacy_Auth #Windows clients
#
# If you need to use server plugins that do not provide encryption key (Legacy_Auth is the
# only such std plugin) you should also turn off required encryption on the wire with WireCrypt
# configuration parameter except when working with the XNET protocol which is never encrypted.
#

# UserManager sets plugin used to work with security database. If more than
# one plugin is given, first plugin from the list is used by default. If you
# need to manage legacy logins using legacy tools set it to Legacy_UserManager.
# Other managers may be chosen in create/alter/drop user commands.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
#UserManager = Srp

# TracePlugin is used by firebird trace facility to send trace data to the user
# or log file in audit case.
#
#TracePlugin = fbtrace

# Wire crypt plugins are used to crypt data transferred over the wire.
# In default case wire is encrypted using ChaCha#20 or Alleged RC4.
# Key must be generated by auth plugin.
# For chacha we are using 16 or 32 bytes key (depends upon what is provided
# by auth plugin), 12 bytes nonce and 4 bytes counter, 20 (10 + 10) rounds are made.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
#WireCryptPlugin = ChaCha, Arc4

# Key holder is a kind of temp storage for DB crypt keys.
# There is no default for this kind of plugins.
#
#KeyHolderPlugin =

# ----------------------------
#
# Ability to use encrypted security database
#
# If one relies on network encryption feature with crypt key generated
# by authentication plugin (like SRP does) to transfer database crypt
# keys over the wire then use of encrypted security databases is a kind of
# vicious circle. In order to send DB crypt key over the wire in secure way
# wire transfers should be already encrypted but this requires wire crypt key
# from authentication plugin which needs to open security database for hash
# validation which in turn requires DB crypt key. Luckily in most cases there
# is no big need to encrypt security database - it protects itself quite well
# if you use high quality passwords. But in some cases it's desired to have
# security database encrypted, for example if one wants to use self security
# database feature for encrypted database. In that case special care should be
# taken to encrypt that key before passing it to server using callback. Make
# sure your keys are well encrypted before enabling this parameter. Take into
# account that with AllowEncryptedSecurityDatabase=TRUE unencrypted by firebird
# protocol key transfer may take place even with not encrypted security database.
# This feature is not supported by legacy authentication plugin - if you care
# about security please never use legacy authentication.
#
# Type: boolean
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
#########################################################################
# Please understand what are you doing before enabling this feature !!! #
#########################################################################
#
#AllowEncryptedSecurityDatabase = false

# ----------------------------
#
# This parameter determines what providers will be used by firebird.
# Format is the same as for the list of plugins (see a few lines before).
# This is not strange because internally provider is just a kind of plugin.
#
# Type: string
#
# Per-database & per-connection configurable.
#
#Providers = Remote,Engine13,Loopback

# ----------------------------
#
# Determines the number of seconds that the lock manager will wait after a
# conflict has been encountered before purging locks from dead processes
# and doing extra deadlock scan cycle. Engine detects deadlocks instantly
# in all normal cases, so this value affects things only if something goes
# wrong. Setting it too low may degrade system performance.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#DeadlockTimeout = 10

# ----------------------------
#
# Set number of seconds after which statement execution will be automatically
# cancelled by the engine. Zero means no timeout is set.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#StatementTimeout = 0

# ----------------------------
#
# Set number of minutes after which idle attachment will be disconnected by the
# engine. Zero means no timeout is set.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ConnectionIdleTimeout = 0

# ----------------------------
#
# How often the pages are flushed on disk
# (for databases with ForcedWrites=Off only)
#
# Number of unflushed writes which will accumulate before they are
# flushed, at the next transaction commit.  For non-Windows ports,
# the default value is -1 (Disabled)
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#MaxUnflushedWrites = 100

#
# Number of seconds during which unflushed writes will accumulate
# before they are flushed, at the next transaction commit. For non-Windows
# ports, the default value is -1 (Disabled)
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#MaxUnflushedWriteTime = 5

# ----------------------------
#
# This option controls whether to call abort() when internal error or BUGCHECK
# is encountered thus invoke post-mortem debugger which can dump core suitable
# for off-line analysis. When disabled engine tries to minimize damage and
# continue execution.
#
# Note that setting this option to 1 makes engine produce traceable coredumps
# when something nasty like SIGSEGV happens inside UDF. On Windows enabling
# this option makes engine invoke JIT debugger facilities when errors happen.
#
# For debugging builds (DEV_BUILD), default value is 1 (Enabled)
#
# Type: boolean
#
#BugcheckAbort = 0

# ----------------------------
# How COMMIT\ROLLBACK RETAINING handle GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
#
# GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS (GTT) data is cleared on "hard"
# commit (rollback) but should be preserved on commit(rollback) retaining.
# Due to bug in initial implementation in Firebird 2.1 that data is not visible
# for the application. This setting allows to preserve backward compatibility
# (i.e. clear GTT data on commit\rollback retaining).
# Value of 0 makes engine to not clear GTT data on commit\rollback retaining and
# let application to see it.
# Default value is 0 (preserve GTT data on commit\rollback retaining).
# Note: this setting is expected to be removed at Firebird 5.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#ClearGTTAtRetaining = 0

# ----------------------------
# Relaxing relation alias checking rules in SQL
#
# Since Firebird 2.0, strict alias checking rules were implemented in the SQL
# parser to accord with the SQL standard requirements. This setting allows
# these rules to be relaxed in order to allow legacy applications to run on
# Firebird 2.0.
# A setting of 1 (true) allows the parser to resolve a qualified column reference
# using the relation name, where an alias has been specified for that relation.
#
# For example, it allows a query such as:
#       SELECT TABLE.X FROM TABLE A
#
# It is not recommended to enable this setting. It should be regarded as an
# interim workaround for porting untidy legacy code, until it is practicable to
# revise such code.
#
# CAUTION!
# There is no guarantee that this setting will be available in future Firebird
# versions.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#RelaxedAliasChecking = 0

# ----------------------------
# Engine currently provides statement-level read consistency in READ COMMITTED
# mode by default. In this mode rec_version/no_rec_version transaction flags have
# no effect. Setting this parameter to 0 effectively reverts engine to legacy
# behavior.
#
#   Type: boolean
#
#ReadConsistency = 1

# ----------------------------
# Engine currently provides a number of new datatypes unknown to legacy clients.
# In order to simplify use of old applications set this parameter to minor FB
# version datatype compatibility with which you need. Currently two values are
# supported: 3.0 & 2.5.
# More precise (including per-session) tuning is possible via SQL and DPB.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
#   Type: string
#
DataTypeCompatibility = 2.5

# ----------------------------
# Client Connection Settings (Basic)
#
# Seconds to wait before concluding an attempt to connect has failed.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ConnectionTimeout = 180

#
# Should connection over the wire be encrypted?
# Has 3 different values: Required, Enabled or Disabled. Enabled behavior
# depends on the other side's requirements. If both sides are set to Enabled,
# the connection is encrypted when possible. Note that Wirecrypt should be set
# to Enabled when running a Firebird server with legacy authentication.
#
# Attention: default depends upon connection type: incoming (server)
#            or outgoing (client).
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: string (predefined values)
#
#WireCrypt = Enabled (for client) / Required (for server)

#
# Should connection over the wire be compressed?
# Client only value - server should follow client setting if connect using
# correct protocol (>=13).
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#WireCompression = false

#
# Seconds to wait on a silent client connection before the server sends
# dummy packets to request acknowledgment.
#
# NOTE. This option may hang or crash Windows NT4 or Windows 2000 pre SP3
# on the client side as explained here:
# http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?kbid=296265.
# or may not prevent eventual inactive client disconnection for other OS.
#
# Normally, Firebird uses SO_KEEPALIVE socket option to keep track of
# active connections. If you do not like default 2-hour keepalive timeout
# then adjust your server OS settings appropriately. On UNIX-like OS's,
# modify contents of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_keepalive_*. On Windows,
# follow instrutions of this article:
# http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?kbid=140325
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#DummyPacketInterval = 0

#
# Buffer size (in bytes) used by the client connection to accumulate output
# messages before sending them to the server using Batch API.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ClientBatchBuffer = 131072

#
# Default session or client time zone.
#
# If empty, the default is the OS time zone.
# When set in the server, it defines the default session time zone for attachments.
# When set in the client, it defines the default time zone used with client-side API functions and
# the default value of isc_dpb_session_time_zone.
#
# Type: string
#
#DefaultTimeZone =

# ----------------------------
# TCP Protocol Settings
#
# The TCP Service name/Port number to be used for client database
# connections.
#
# It is only necessary to change one of the entries, not both.  The
# order of precendence is the 'RemoteServiceName' (if an entry is
# found in the 'services.' file) then the 'RemoteServicePort'.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: string, integer
#
#RemoteServiceName = gds_db
#RemoteServicePort = 3050

#
# The TCP Port Number to be used for server Event Notification
# messages.  The value of 0 (Zero) means that the server will choose
# a port number randomly.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#RemoteAuxPort = 0

#
# TCP/IP buffer size for send and receive buffers of both the client
# and server. The engine reads ahead of the client and can send
# several rows of data in a single packet. The larger the packet size,
# the more data is sent per transfer. Range is 1448 to 32767 (MAX_SSHORT).
#
# Type: integer
#
#TcpRemoteBufferSize = 8192

#
# Either enables or disables Nagle algorithm (TCP_NODELAY option of
# socket) of the socket connection.
#
# Note: Currently is a default for classic and super servers.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#TcpNoNagle = 1

#
# Either enables or disables the "TCP Loopback Fast Path" feature (SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH).
# Applies to Windows (version 8/2012 or higher) only.
#
# Type: Boolean, default 1 (true)
#
#TcpLoopbackFastPath = 1

#
# Allows setting of IPV6_V6ONLY socket option. If enabled, IPv6 sockets
# allow only IPv6 communication and separate sockets must be used for
# IPv4 and IPv6. Default is false.
#
# Note: on Windows, the socket option can only be set since Windows Vista,
# older versions have it always enabled.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#IPv6V6Only = 0

#
# Allows incoming connections to be bound to the IP address of a
# specific network card. It enables rejection of incoming connections
# through any other network interface except this one. By default,
# connections from any available network interface are allowed.
# If you are using Classic Server, this setting is for Windows only.
# Under Linux, BSD or Mac OS X, with Classic server use xinetd or launchd
# configuration file (bind parameter).
#
# Type: string
#
#RemoteBindAddress =

# ----------------------------
# Locking and shared memory parameters
#
# Bytes of shared memory allocated for lock manager.
# In Classic mode, the size given is used for the initial allocation. The
# table expands dynamically up to the limit of memory.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#LockMemSize = 1M

#
# In Classic, only one client process may access the lock table at any
# time. Access to the lock table is governed by a mutex. The mutex can
# be requested conditionally - a wait is a failure and the request must
# be retried - or unconditionally - the request will wait until it is
# satisfied. This parameter establishes the number of attempts that
# will be made conditionally. Zero value means unconditional mode.
# Relevant only on SMP machines.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#LockAcquireSpins = 0

#
# Tune lock hash list; more hash slots mean shorter hash chains. Only
# necessary under very high load. Prime number values are recommended.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#LockHashSlots = 8191

# ----------------------------
#
# Bytes of shared memory allocated for event manager.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#EventMemSize = 64K

# ----------------------------
#
# Bytes of shared memory allocated for snapshots management.
# This will grow automatically unless you use an exotic platform
# that is neither Windows nor supports mmap system call.
# Each active shapshot uses 16 bytes of memory.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#SnapshotsMemSize = 64K

# ----------------------------
#
# Bytes of shared memory allocated for each block of TIP cache.
# The reason to reduce this value is if you have small TIP and
# want to conserve some memory. The reason to increase this
# value is if you need very large cache and approach limits
# on kernel objects allocated for each block (files, mutexes, etc).
# Each cached transaction uses 8 bytes of memory.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: integer
#
#TipCacheBlockSize = 4M

# ----------------------------
#
# File to redirect stdout and stderr output of server
#
# Default '/dev/null' for *nix and 'nul' for Windows
# Empty value or '-' keeps stdout and stderr as is.
#
# Type: string
#
#OutputRedirectionFile = /dev/null

# ===========================
# Engine Settings
# ===========================
#
# ----------------------------
# Which CPUs should be used (Windows Only)
#
# In an SMP system, sets which processors can be used by the server.
# The value is taken from a bit map in which each bit represents a CPU.
# Thus, to use only the first processor, the value is 1. To use both
# CPU 1 and CPU 2, the value is 3. To use CPU 2 and CPU 3, the value
# is 6. The default value is 0 - no affinity will be set.
#
# Type: integer
#
#CpuAffinityMask = 0

# ----------------------------
# Garbage collection policy
#
# Defines how engine does garbage collection. Valid values are :
#   cooperative
#   background
#   combined
#
# Superserver has by default "combined" policy
# Classic has by default "cooperative" policy.
#   Other values are ignored by classic server build
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: string (special format)
#
#GCPolicy = combined

# ----------------------------
# Security database
#
# Defines locations of security database (one that stores logins and passwords),
# used by server to validate remote connections.
#
# Per-database configurable.
#
# Type: string (pathname)
#
#SecurityDatabase = $(dir_secDb)/security4.fdb

# ==============================
# Settings for Windows platforms
# ==============================
#
# ----------------------------
# Does the guardian restart the server every time it crashes?
#    0 - only start the engine/service once
#    1 - always restart the engine/service if it terminates
#
# Type: integer/boolean
#
#GuardianOption = 1

#
# ----------------------------
# Priority level/class for the server process.
#
# The values are:
#     0 (Zero) - normal priority,
#     positive value - high priority (same as -B command line option)
#     negative value - low priority.
#
# Note: All changes to this value should be carefully tested to ensure
# that engine is more responsive to requests.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ProcessPriorityLevel = 0

# ----------------------------
# Local Connection Settings
#
# The name of the shared memory area used as a transport channel in local protocol.
# Note that the local protocol in v2.0 is not compatible with any previous version
# if Firebird or InterBase.
#
# Please note that the server can register objects in Global\ kernel namespace
# only if it runs under the account with SE_CREATE_GLOBAL_NAME privilege.
# This means that if you run the server under a restricted account under
# Windows Vista/XP SP2/2000 SP4 it will not be accessible using the
# local protocol from other sessions.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: string
#
#IpcName = FIREBIRD

#
# The name of the pipe used as a transport channel in NetBEUI protocol.
# Has the same meaning as a port number for TCP/IP. The default value is
# compatible with IB/FB1.
#
# Per-connection configurable.
#
# Type: string
#
#RemotePipeName = interbas

# ============================
# Settings for Unix/Linux platforms
# ============================

# ----------------------------
# Remove protection against redirecting requests to other servers
#
#     ***WARNING*** ***WARNING*** ***WARNING*** ***WARNING***
#
# Ability to redirect requests to other servers was initially present
# in Interbase, but was broken by Borland in Interbase 6.0, when
# they added SQL dialects. Request redirection was fixed in firebird 2.0,
# but today such behaviour (proxy) seems to be dangerous from security
# point of view. Imagine, you have one carefully protected firebird server,
# access to which is possible from global net. But in case when this server
# has access to your internal LAN (may and should be restricted,
# but often possible), it will work as a gateway for incoming requests like:
# firebird.your.domain.com:internal_server:/private/database.fdb
# It's enough to know name/IP of some internal server on your LAN, and for
# this connection one even need not know login/password on external server.
# Such gateway easily overrides firewall, installed to protect your LAN
# from outside attack.
#
# DO NOT ENABLE THIS OPTION UNLESS YOU REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING.
#
# Type: boolean
#
#Redirection = 0

# ============================
# Settings for Architecture Configuration
# ============================

#
# Controls the method Firebird engine uses to work with databases and
# related Firebird server startup parameters.
#
# The values are:
# Super / ThreadedDedicated - databases are opened exclusive by single server process,
#   attachments share single DB pages cache inside process
# SuperClassic / ThreadedShared - databases are opened by single server process,
#   but it does not prevent opening them in other processes (embedded access),
#   each attachment has its own DB pages cache
# Classic / MultiProcess - for each attachment to server a separate process is started,
#   each database may be opened by multiple processes (including local ones for
#   embedded access), each attachment (process) has its own DB pages cache
#
# Type: string
#
#ServerMode = Super
ServerMode = Super

# ============================
# Settings of External Connections Pool
# ============================

# Set the maximum number of inactive (idle) external connections to retain at
# the pool. Valid values are between 0 and 1000. If set to zero, pool is disabled,
# i.e. external connection is destroyed immediately after the use.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ExtConnPoolSize = 0

# Set the time before destroyng inactive external connection, seconds.
# Valid values are between 1 and 86400.
#
# Type: integer
#
#ExtConnPoolLifeTime = 7200
FirebirdSQL / firebird

Firebird performance drop on NVME #6940
