deps: update dependency io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-bom to v1.40.0

[renovate-bot]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Adoption	Passing	Confidence
io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-bom	1.39.0 -> 1.40.0

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Release Notes

open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java (io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-bom)

### [`v1.40.0`](https://togithub.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/blob/HEAD/CHANGELOG.md#Version-1400-2024-07-05) ##### API ##### Incubator - Narrow ExtendedSpanBuilder return types for chaining ([#​6514](https://togithub.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/6514)) - Add APIs to determine if tracer, logger, instruments are enabled ([#​6502](https://togithub.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/6502)) ##### SDK ##### Extensions - Move autoconfigure docs to opentelemetry.io ([#​6491](https://togithub.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/6491))

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