Upgrade Python Docker Image to Address Security Vulnerabilities

[guibranco]

User description

Snyk has created this PR to fix 5 vulnerabilities in the dockerfile dependencies of this project.

Keeping your Docker base image up-to-date means you’ll benefit from security fixes in the latest version of your chosen image.

Snyk changed the following file(s):

• Src/notifications-service/Dockerfile

We recommend upgrading to python:3.13.0rc2-slim, as this image has only 40 known vulnerabilities. To do this, merge this pull request, then verify your application still works as expected.

Vulnerabilities that will be fixed with an upgrade:

	Issue	Score
	Integer Overflow or Wraparound SNYK-DEBIAN12-EXPAT-7855502	714
	Integer Overflow or Wraparound SNYK-DEBIAN12-EXPAT-7855503	714
	XML External Entity (XXE) Injection SNYK-DEBIAN12-EXPAT-7855507	714
	Integer Overflow or Wraparound SNYK-DEBIAN12-ZLIB-6008963	500
	CVE-2024-2511 SNYK-DEBIAN12-OPENSSL-6592092	364

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[!IMPORTANT]

• Check the changes in this PR to ensure they won't cause issues with your project.
• Max score is 1000. Note that the real score may have changed since the PR was raised.
• This PR was automatically created by Snyk using the credentials of a real user.

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Learn how to fix vulnerabilities with free interactive lessons:

🦉 XML External Entity (XXE) Injection

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Description

• Upgraded the Docker base image to python:3.13.0rc2-slim to reduce vulnerabilities.
• This change addresses multiple known vulnerabilities, improving overall security.
• Recommended by Snyk to ensure the application benefits from the latest security fixes.

---

Changes walkthrough 📝

	Relevant files
Enhancement	Dockerfile Upgrade Python base image for security improvements            Src/notifications-service/Dockerfile Updated base image from python:3.13.0b2-slim to python:3.13.0rc2-slim. Ensured the Dockerfile uses a more secure version of Python. +1/-1

Summary by CodeRabbit

• Chores
  • Updated the base image for the notifications service to a more stable release candidate version of Python.

[semanticdiff-com[bot]]

Review changes with SemanticDiff.

[korbit-ai[bot]]

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[codara-ai-code-review[bot]]

Potential issues, bugs, and flaws that can introduce unwanted behavior:

1. Dockerfile:
   • Using a release candidate (3.13.0rc2) version of Python in the Dockerfile may introduce instability and unexpected behavior due to potential bugs or changes not present in the final stable release. It's recommended to use stable releases in production environments for better reliability and predictability.

Code suggestions and improvements for better exception handling, logic, standardization, and consistency:

1. Dockerfile:
   • When specifying the Python version in a Dockerfile, it's good practice to use stable versions to ensure the reliability of the application and to avoid compatibility issues with dependencies. Consider using a stable version instead of a release candidate.

[pr-code-reviewer[bot]]

:wave: Hi there!

Everything looks good!

_{^{Automatically generated with the help of gpt-3.5-turbo. Feedback? Please don't hesitate to drop me an email at webber@takken.io.}}

[gooroo-dev[bot]]

Please double check the following review of the pull request:

Issues counts

🐞Mistake	🤪Typo	🚨Security	🚀Performance	💪Best Practices	📖Readability	❓Others
0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Changes in the diff

• 🛠️ No changes detected in the diff.

Identified Issues

ID	Type	Details	Severity	Confidence

Since the diff is empty, there are no changes to review. Therefore, no issues have been identified, and no additional tests are necessary.

Summon me to re-review when updated! Yours, Gooroo.dev Share your thoughts by reacting or replying!

[senior-dev-bot[bot]]

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[secureflag-knowledge-base[bot]]

XML Entity Expansion

Play Labs on this vulnerability with SecureFlag!

Description

XML External Entity Expansion (also referred to as XXE) attacks are used against applications that process XML input by exploiting XML external entity support. By supplying hostile XML input containing a specification of an external entity to a weakly configured XML parser, attackers may be able to view files on the application server filesystem, conduct denial-of-service attacks, and interact with any external or backend systems to which the application has access.

XXE vulnerabilities occur when the widely used XML format (a protocol typically used to transmit data between the browser and the server) contains various potentially dangerous features. Due to the potential severity of XXE attacks and their ongoing prevalence, these attacks make an appearance on the OWASP Top 10 list of web application security risks as part of the Security Misconfiguration category.

As with many of the vulnerabilities on this list, prevalence would markedly decrease with more comprehensive and continuously updated developer training.

Read more

## Impact XXE attacks can include conducting denial-of-service attacks and disclosing local files containing sensitive data such as passwords or private user data. As the attack occurs relative to the application processing the XML document, it can enable attackers to laterally traverse to other internal systems to potentially stage Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attacks against unprotected internal services. XML attacks have been understood for almost 20 years, and yet even in recent years, powerhouses like Google and Facebook are known to have faced issues with these types of attacks. This serves as a stark reminder that chaos can occur (and take the form of potentially massive fines) simply due to misconfiguration and poorly implemented code. ## Scenarios The main features of XML that are relevant to understanding XXE vulnerabilities are XML entities and Document Type Definition. XML entities are a way of representing an item of data within an XML document instead of using the data itself. Entities, such as `<` and `>` that represent the characters `<` and `>` respectively, are already embedded in the XML language. New entities can be defined using Document Type Definition. Document Type Definition (DTD) defines the structure of an XML document, and it is usually used for validation. It can be embedded at the start of an XML document by using the optional `DOCTYPE` element. External DTDs can be loaded from a remote URL. ### Denial of Service Attacks XML entities can be abused to cause denial-of-service attacks by embedding entities within entities within entities, causing the memory of the XML parser to overload. The so-called [Billion Laughs attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billion_laughs_attack) shown below takes advantage of a Document Type Definition called *foo*, and an element called *bar*, replaced, in this case, with the name of a fine security training platform! Anytime `&bar;` is used, the XML parser replaces it with SecureFlag. **Request** ```http POST http://www.vulnerableapp.com/xml HTTP/1.1 ]> Join &t3; ``` **Response** ```http HTTP/1.0 200 OK Join SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlagSecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag SecureFlag ``` ### Server-Side Request Forgery Attacks DTDs and XML external entities can also be leveraged to trick an application into retrieving files on the system. **Request** ```http POST http://www.vulnerableapp.com/xml HTTP/1.1 ]> &xxe; ``` **Response** ```http HTTP/1.0 200 OK root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh (...) ``` An attacker could perform a Server-Side Request Forgery attack, pointing the URI to an external resource, such as an HTTP location. This, in turn, can be used to pivot and interact with any external or backend systems to which the application has access. **Request** ```http POST http://www.vulnerableapp.com/xml HTTP/1.1 ]> &xxe; ``` **Response** ```http HTTP/1.0 200 OK (.. result of the request to http://internal.vulnerableapp.com:8443 ...) ``` ## Prevention Disabling the Document Type Definitions (DTDs) function will effectively prevent most attacks. When possible, handling data using simpler formats like JSON is recommended. For almost a decade, JSON has been seen as preferable to the use of XML due to its lightweight syntax and newer construction. Of course, exceptions exist to prove rules, and in cases where it is absolutely not possible to switch off DTDs within the business parameters nor use another format, the following measures must be applied by developers. When the entire XML document is transmitted from an untrusted client, it's not usually possible to selectively validate or escape tainted data within the system identifier in the DTD. Therefore, the XML processor should be configured to use a local static DTD and disallow any declared DTD included in the XML document. ## Testing Verify that the application correctly restricts XML parsers to only use the most restrictive configuration possible and to ensure that unsafe features, such as resolving external entities, are disabled to prevent XML External Entity (XXE) attacks. - **OWASP ASVS**: [5.5.2, 5.5.3](https://github.com/OWASP/ASVS/releases/download/v4.0.2_release/OWASP.Application.Security.Verification.Standard.4.0.2-en.pdf) - **OWASP Testing Guide**: [Testing for XML Injection](https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/v42/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/07-Testing_for_XML_Injection.html) [View this in the SecureFlag Knowledge Base](https://knowledge-base.secureflag.com/vulnerabilities/xml_injection/xml_entity_expansion_vulnerability.html)

[coderabbitai[bot]]

[!CAUTION]

Review failed

The pull request is closed.

Walkthrough

The pull request updates the Dockerfile for the notifications service by changing the base image from python:3.13.0b2-slim to python:3.13.0rc2-slim. This change signifies a transition from a beta version to a release candidate version of Python. All other instructions in the Dockerfile remain unchanged.

Changes

File	Change Summary
Src/notifications-service/Dockerfile	Updated base image from python:3.13.0b2-slim to python:3.13.0rc2-slim

Poem

In the world of code, a change so bright,
From beta to release, a joyful sight.
The rabbit hops with glee and cheer,
For Python's new version, we hold dear.
With every build, our hopes take flight,
A smoother path, a future bright! 🐇✨

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[instapr[bot]]

Feedback:

• The changes look good overall.
• Make sure to verify that the application still works as expected after merging.
• Consider testing edge cases for potential impact.

👍🏼 Great job on fixing the vulnerabilities!

[deepsource-io[bot]]

Here's the code health analysis summary for commits 50caae5..9d8f433. View details on DeepSource ↗.

Analysis Summary

Analyzer	Status	Summary	Link
Secrets	✅ Success		View Check ↗
Test coverage	⚠️ Artifact not reported	Timed out: Artifact was never reported	View Check ↗
Shell	✅ Success		View Check ↗
Docker	✅ Success		View Check ↗
C#	✅ Success		View Check ↗

---

💡 If you’re a repository administrator, you can configure the quality gates from the settings.

[penify-dev[bot]]

PR Review 🔍

⏱️ Estimated effort to review [1-5]	1, because the change is straightforward and involves only updating the base image in the Dockerfile.
🧪 Relevant tests	No
⚡ Possible issues	No
🔒 Security concerns	No

[penify-dev[bot]]

PR Code Suggestions ✨

Category	Suggestion	Score
Stability	Replace the release candidate version of Python with a stable version ___ **Consider using a stable version of Python instead of a release candidate to ensure reliability and avoid potential issues with unstable features.** [Src/notifications-service/Dockerfile [1]](https://github.com/GuilhermeStracini/hello-world-grafana-loki/pull/49/files#diff-6c2611be631e22d969a7032385ebf6af8ecfb4e620c3181d8f6f64ddc98a984dR1-R1) ```diff -FROM python:3.13.0rc2-slim +FROM python:3.13-slim ``` Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8 Why: Using a stable version of Python enhances reliability and reduces the risk of encountering issues related to unstable features present in release candidates.	8

[sonarcloud[bot]]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud

[github-actions[bot]]

Infisical secrets check: :white_check_mark: No secrets leaked!

Scan results:

11:26AM INF scanning for exposed secrets...
11:26AM INF 31 commits scanned.
11:26AM INF scan completed in 62.3ms
11:26AM INF no leaks found