refactor: with clang-tidy linter (resolves #9)

[jo-bru]

Refactored code using the clang-tidy linter.

The following warnings were resolved:

• llvm-include-order
• google-readability-todo
• readability-magic-numbers
• cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory (arm = new XArmAPI(port);)
• readability-qualified-auto
• modernize-loop-convert

The following problems are not yet resolved:

• _do not implicitly decay an array into a pointer; consider using gsl::arrayview or an explicit cast insteadclang-tidy(cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-array-to-pointer-decay) =>depending on SDK functions, therefore not resolvable (I guess)
• an exception may be thrown in function 'main' which should not throw exceptionsclang-tidy(bugprone-exception-escape) => see issue #10

I'm not sure if the magic number resolution is correct: not sure if constexpr is the right way and where to define them (use namespace or separate header, I suppose not as global constants..)

[jo-bru]

I will probably change the checks and formatting a bit over time, but since they are stored in the configuration files, that won't be a problem.. :)