Optimize `distinguishable_colors`

[kimikage]

This changes the type used for internal operations from Lab{Float64} to Lab{Float32}. This also removes the unnecessary sRGB gamma operations and deleteat!.

Note that @nospecialize is almost useless because of the keyword arguments.

julia> @btime distinguishable_colors(10);
  10.832 ms (896527 allocations: 14.88 MiB) # master w/o recompilation
  5.104 ms (50998 allocations: 1.50 MiB)    # master w/ recompilation
  2.675 ms (9070 allocations: 213.08 KiB)   # this PR

Closes #477

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Merging #506 (ea591e3) into master (f71d7a1) will increase coverage by 1.49%. The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #506      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   93.84%   95.34%   +1.49%     
==========================================
  Files           9        9              
  Lines        1154     1160       +6     
==========================================
+ Hits         1083     1106      +23     
+ Misses         71       54      -17     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/colormaps.jl	98.13% <100.00%> (+3.08%)	:arrow_up:
src/conversions.jl	99.38% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	:arrow_up:
src/utilities.jl	98.25% <0.00%> (-0.44%)	:arrow_down:
src/algorithms.jl	75.00% <0.00%> (+14.04%)	:arrow_up:

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[kimikage]

BTW, the syntax for static parameters in the documentation is still outdated. https://github.com/JuliaGraphics/Colors.jl/blame/f7fddbd3f84df60eb4a667428a900e121309f150/docs/src/colormapsandcolorscales.md#L220-L232