compilation time reported incorrectly with @time and multithreading

It seems that compilation time is not properly computed when a function is run multi-threaded, apparently increasing with the number of threads. For example, take the standard sum example of the docs:

julia> function sum_single(a)
           s = 0
           for i in a
               s += i
           end
           s
       end
sum_single (generic function with 1 method)

julia> function sum_multi_good(a)
           chunks = Iterators.partition(a, length(a) ÷ Threads.nthreads())
           tasks = map(chunks) do chunk
               Threads.@spawn sum_single(chunk)
           end
           chunk_sums = fetch.(tasks)
           return sum_single(chunk_sums)
       end
sum_multi_good (generic function with 1 method)

If I start Julia with 4 threads, I get:

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:4_000_000)
  0.040086 seconds (49.33 k allocations: 3.509 MiB, 148.52% compilation time)
8000002000000

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:4_000_000)
  0.000185 seconds (34 allocations: 2.516 KiB)
8000002000000

Now if I start with 8 threads, but increase the workload by 2, I get:

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:8_000_000)
  0.040237 seconds (49.86 k allocations: 3.537 MiB, 335.67% compilation time)
32000004000000

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:8_000_000)
  0.000079 seconds (58 allocations: 4.641 KiB)
32000004000000

And now with 16 threads:

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:16_000_000)
  0.040438 seconds (50.94 k allocations: 3.592 MiB, 484.09% compilation time)
128000008000000

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:16_000_000)
  0.000252 seconds (106 allocations: 8.891 KiB)
128000008000000

Note how the excution time is similar for the first run in all cases, but reported compilation time is increasing.

With 32 threads I get:

julia> @time sum_multi_good(1:32_000_000)
  0.105830 seconds (53.08 k allocations: 3.703 MiB, 1804.13% compilation time)
512000016000000

(my computer does not have such many cores).

These compilation times do not seem to make sense.

julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.10.0
Commit 3120989f39b (2023-12-25 18:01 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 20 × 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700F
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LIBM: libopenlibm
  LLVM: libLLVM-15.0.7 (ORCJIT, alderlake)
  Threads: 1 on 20 virtual cores

JuliaLang / julia

compilation time reported incorrectly with @time and multithreading #53016