Implemented internal representation for objects and object types such as interfaces and classes

[Luna-Klatzer]

What type of change does this PR perform?

• [ ] Info or documentation change (Non-breaking change that updates repo info files (e.g. README.md, CONTRIBUTING.md, etc.) or online documentation)
• [ ] Website (Change that changes the design or functionality of the websites or docs)
• [x] Development or internal changes (These changes do not add new features or fix bugs, but update the code in other ways)
• [ ] Bug fix (Non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• [x] New feature (Non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• [x] Breaking change (Major bug fix or feature that would cause existing functionality not to work as expected.)
• [ ] Requires a documentation update, as it changes language or compiler behaviour

Summary

Implemented internal representation for objects and object types such as interfaces and classes. This also includes rewrites of the core Kipper type system, which previously relied on simply specifying types using strings. This system is now replaced with a proper symbol table system, where type identifiers act as references similar to variables and new types can be registered wherever in the program.

Closes #524

Detailed Changelog

Added

• Implemented internal representation for custom types such as objects, interfaces and classes. This change means that the entire core type system has been reworked and adjusted to also support custom types as well as complex types (objects, arrays etc.). This does not inheritely add functionality but serves as the stepping stone for the implementation of all custom types in the future. (#524)
• New module:
  • semantics/runtime-built-ins, which contains runtime built-in functions, variables and types.
  • semantics/runtime-internals, which contains the runtime internal functions.
  • semantics/types, which contains the runtime types.
• New classes:
  • InterfaceDeclaration, which represents an AST interface declaration.
  • ClassDeclaration, which represents an AST class declaration.
  • BuiltInType, which represents a built-in type.
  • CustomType, which represents a user defined type.
  • ScopeTypeDeclaration, which represents a scope type declaration.
  • UniverseTypeDeclaration, which represents the universe, where all built-in types, functions and variables are declared. This serves as the parent of the global scope.
  • CustomType, which is a class extending from ProcessedType and implementing the functionality for a custom type such as a interface or class.
• New errors:
  • TypeCanNotBeUsedForTypeCheckingError, which is thrown when a type is used for type checking, but is not a valid type. This is an error indicating an invalid logic that should be fixed.
• New interfaces:
  • InterfaceDeclarationSemantics, which represents the semantics of an interface declaration.
  • InterfaceDeclarationTypeSemantics, which represents the type semantics of an interface declaration.
  • ClassDeclarationSemantics, which represents the semantics of a class declaration.
  • ClassDeclarationTypeSemantics, which represents the type semantics of a class declaration.
  • TypeDeclaration, which represents a type declaration. This is an abstract base class for all type declarations.
  • TypeDeclarationSemantics, which represents the semantics of a type declaration.
  • TypeDeclarationTypeSemantics, which represents the type semantics of a type declaration.
  • CompilableType, which represents a type that can be compiled.

Changed

• Changed type from interface to class:
  • InternalFunction, which represents an internal function.
  • BuiltInFunction, which represents a built-in function.
  • InternalFunctionArgument, which represents an internal function argument.
  • BuiltInVariable, which represents a built-in variable.
• Renamed:
  • Module analysis to semantics.
  • Class UncheckedType to RawType.
  • Class CheckedType to ProcessedType.
  • Class UndefinedCustomType to UndefinedType.

Does this PR create new warnings?

None.

Linked issues or PRs

• [x] #524

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 82.71357% with 172 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 82.62%. Comparing base (54c7760) to head (0490f5c).

Files	Patch %	Lines
...r/core/src/compiler/semantics/types/custom-type.ts	11.42%	31 Missing :warning:
...re/src/compiler/semantics/analyser/type-checker.ts	80.21%	8 Missing and 10 partials :warning:
...declaration/class-declaration/class-declaration.ts	31.81%	15 Missing :warning:
...ion/interface-declaration/interface-declaration.ts	31.57%	13 Missing :warning:
...ntics/symbol-table/entry/scope-type-declaration.ts	45.00%	8 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
kipper/core/src/compiler/program-ctx.ts	80.95%	5 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
kipper/core/src/compiler/ast/ast-generator.ts	80.55%	5 Missing and 2 partials :warning:
...mary-expression/object-property/object-property.ts	25.00%	6 Missing :warning:
...es/statements/switch-statement/switch-statement.ts	25.00%	6 Missing :warning:
kipper/core/src/errors.ts	64.28%	4 Missing and 1 partial :warning:
... and 25 more

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## dev-next #602 +/- ## ============================================ - Coverage 84.29% 82.62% -1.67% ============================================ Files 222 247 +25 Lines 3915 4143 +228 Branches 435 453 +18 ============================================ + Hits 3300 3423 +123 - Misses 489 584 +95 - Partials 126 136 +10 ```

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