NoClassDefFoundError In Android 6 NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Ljava/time/Instant;

Dev tools：AndroidStudio 2023.1.1 Canary 1 GradleVersion : 8.0 AndroidPluginGradleVersion : 8.0.1 Language:Kotlin1.8.21 kotlinx.datetime Version 0.4.0

Device Android 6.0 Pixel XL API 23 | x86

Happend in this code

import kotlinx.datetime.Clock
import kotlinx.datetime.TimeZone
import kotlinx.datetime.toLocalDateTimeimport kotlinx.datetime.Clock
import kotlinx.datetime.TimeZone
import kotlinx.datetime.toLocalDateTime

    fun getTime(): String {
        val time = Clock.System.now().toLocalDateTime(TimeZone.currentSystemDefault()).time
        return "  ${time.hour}:${time.minute}"
    }

Also I import this Library in gradle like this

// error at ("val time = Clock.System.now().toLocalDateTime(TimeZone.currentSystemDefault()).time")

Strangely I executed this code successfully with a higher version of Android, Android 12,

no release, just run in debug env.

01:35:50.885 E ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 01:35:50.885 E │ Thread: main 01:35:50.885 E ├┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄ 01:35:50.885 E │ BaseAppException.uncaughtException (BaseAppException.kt:15) 01:35:50.885 E │ TipExtKt.logError (TipExt.kt:25) 01:35:50.885 E ├┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄ 01:35:50.885 E │ java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Ljava/time/Instant; 01:35:50.885 E │ at kotlinx.datetime.Instant.(Instant.kt:96) 01:35:50.885 E │ at kotlinx.datetime.Clock$System.now(Clock.kt:25) 01:35:50.885 E │ at com.crow.module_book.ui.view.PageBadgeView.getTime(PageBadgeView.kt:30) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.crow.module_book.ui.view.PageBadgeView.(PageBadgeView.kt:26) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.crow.module_book.ui.activity.ComicActivity.initView(ComicActivity.kt:78) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.crow.base.ui.activity.BaseActivityImpl.onCreate(BaseActivityImpl.kt:59) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.crow.base.ui.activity.BaseMviActivity.onCreate(BaseMviActivity.kt:40) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) 01:35:50.886 E │ at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) 01:35:50.886 E │ at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) 01:35:50.886 E │ at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) 01:35:50.886 E │ Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "java.time.Instant" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/com.crow.copymanga.dev-2/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/com.crow.copymanga.dev-2/lib/x86, /vendor/lib, /system/lib]] 01:35:50.886 E │ at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:56) 01:35:50.886 E │ at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:511) 01:35:50.886 E │ at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:469) 01:35:50.886 E │ ... 19 more 01:35:50.887 E │ Suppressed: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: java.time.Instant 01:35:50.887 E │ at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method) 01:35:50.887 E │ at java.lang.BootClassLoader.findClass(ClassLoader.java:781) 01:35:50.887 E │ at java.lang.BootClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:841) 01:35:50.887 E │ at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:504) 01:35:50.887 E │ ... 20 more 01:35:50.887 E │ Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Class not found using the boot class loader; no stack trace available 01:35:50.887 E └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Kotlin / kotlinx-datetime

NoClassDefFoundError In Android 6 NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Ljava/time/Instant; #283