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For the time being I added : antibody array MI:0678. There is no need of a ‘purified protein array’ term as the mean or status of protein purification should not be reported in the interaction detection method. The sample process CV can be used instead.
Pending issue : Are the 2 children of antibody array ‘sandwich’ or ‘simple antibody array’ really different? In theory the distinction is on the participant detection method, in the first case protein within a complex are identified using a second antibody (anti protein) whereas in the second case they are identified using a protein label thus an anti label antibody. So the only way to distinguish them will be the tag on the protein. Is this enough? or shall we create terms to match the exactly 2 methods commonly described as 2 different methods?
Current Definition: A microarray consisting of antibodies spotted on a solid support in appropriate orientation is incubated with a biological sample (or antigen). Some proteins are captured by the antibodies in the array. In case a protein of interest form a complex with the ones attached to the array, it is then detected by specific antibody or labelling identification (tag, ELISA, biotin...)
position in the hierarchy is : %interaction detection method ; MI:0001 ; %experimental interaction detection ; MI:0045 %biochemical ; MI:0401 %affinity technologies ; MI:0400 ; %array technologies ; MI:0008 %chromatin immunoprecipitation array ; MI:0225 %peptide array ; MI:0081 %protein array ; MI:0089 new ->%Antibody array ; MI:0678
Original comment by: luisa_montecchi
Proposition :
Protein Array
Protein Array: (grand-parent term) A protein microarray consists of antibodies, proteins, protein fragments, peptides, aptamers or carbohydrate elements that are coated or immobilized in a grid-like pattern on small surfaces. The arrayed molecules are then used to screen and assess patterns of interaction with samples containing distinct proteins or classes of proteins.There are apparently two main kinds of protein array. Either the proteins are spotted on the array after being purified (purified protein array) or antibodies are spotted in order to catch the proteins from any cell lysate (antibody array).
'Purified Protein Array': (previous definition of protein Array) The protein array technology allows the screening of biochemical activities or binding abilities of hundreds or thousands of protein samples in parallel. After synthesis and purification by high-throughput methodologies, the proteins are printed onto the chip by using an instrument (micro-arrayer) that is capable of spotting liquid samples in a reproducible manner onto a planar support. The ordered protein array can then be probed with labelled molecules to identify proteins that bind to the bait.
Antibody array: Antibody microarrays fall into one of two subtypes: those using matched antibody pairs for sandwich-type assays and those utilizing single antibodies and a sample labeling methodology.
The sandwich immunoassay microarray: The sandwich immunoassay microarray consists of arrayed capture antibodies and appropriate control and orientation elements. Assays are performed by adding an antigen standard or test sample, followed by a detector antibody . The detector antibody is either modified with a directly detectable label (enzyme, fluorescent molecule, isotope, etc.), or it is biotinylated for detection after subsequent probing with labeled streptavidin.
single-antibody protein microarray: single-antibody protein microarray protocols involves labeled samples. As in sandwich antibody pair arrays, the array platform consists of arrayed antibody (or antibodies). In this assay format, however, the captured protein analytes are themselves labeled for direct detection, obviating use of a detector antibody. The method requires that protein samples be labeled beforehand (e.g., with fluorescent molecule, isotope, or biotin). The label enables detection of any proteins in the sample that interact with the microarrayed antibody and associated elements.
PMID: 12454649 PMID: 12547427 PMID: 12610559 PMID: 15732136 PMID: 14595810 PMID: 16396508 PMID: 15907865
Reported by: krobbe4