Hi Max, can't help much with the crypto and only had a short look, but some suggestions (have written/edited several theses in german unis; we met briefly in Munich LN HackDay):
In my opinion, the abstract doesn't really tell a story yet. Maybe glue the different parts together, e.g. after introducing scarcity, add a high-level sentence why scarcity applies to bitcoin, and later another high-level sentence that creates a bridge from simple to shared ownership/multisig.
Not sure about your specific uni, but usually abstracts not only talk about the subject but also go on the meta level to summarize what your contributions in the thesis are.
I would also emphasize the LN a bit more in the abstract, it's in the title after all (at least introduce it shortly as a network of bidirectional payment channels on top of bitcoin).
When quoting entire sentences I would mention the author's name in the text [e.g. "Quote" (Author)], not only in the footnote.
a random typo I noticed in chapter On Scarcity: dessert -> desert :-)
Hi Max, can't help much with the crypto and only had a short look, but some suggestions (have written/edited several theses in german unis; we met briefly in Munich LN HackDay):