🚨 Your current dependencies have known security vulnerabilities 🚨
This dependency update fixes known security vulnerabilities. Please see the details below and assess their impact carefully. We recommend to merge and deploy this as soon as possible!
Here is everything you need to know about this update. Please take a good look at what changed and the test results before merging this pull request.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation
of Nokogiri, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If
you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries
instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to
your distro's libxml2 release announcements.
JRuby users are not affected.
Severity
The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as Moderate.
Impact
From the CVE description, this issue applies to the xmlTextReader
module (which underlies Nokogiri::XML::Reader):
When using the XML Reader interface with DTD validation and
XInclude expansion enabled, processing crafted XML documents
can lead to an xmlValidatePopElement use-after-free.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri ~> 1.15.6 or >= 1.16.2.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more
complicated mitigation: compile and link Nokogiri against patched
external libxml2 libraries which will also address these same issues.
Nokogiri v1.14.3 upgrades the packaged version of its dependency libxml2 to v2.10.4 from v2.10.3.
libxml2 v2.10.4 addresses the following known vulnerabilities:
CVE-2023-29469: Hashing of
empty dict strings isn't deterministic
CVE-2023-28484: Fix null deref
in xmlSchemaFixupComplexType
Schemas: Fix null-pointer-deref in xmlSchemaCheckCOSSTDerivedOK
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.14.3,
and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation
time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to
your distro's libxml2 release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.14.3.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile
and link Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.10.4 which will also address these
same issues.
Impact
No public information has yet been published about the security-related issues other than the
upstream commits. Examination of those changesets indicate that the more serious issues relate to
libxml2 dereferencing NULL pointers and potentially segfaulting while parsing untrusted inputs.
Nokogiri 1.13.8, 1.13.9 fails to check the return value from xmlTextReaderExpand in the method Nokogiri::XML::Reader#attribute_hash. This can lead to a null pointer exception when invalid markup is being parsed.
For applications using XML::Reader to parse untrusted inputs, this may potentially be a vector for a denial of service attack.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.10.
Users may be able to search their code for calls to either XML::Reader#attributes or XML::Reader#attribute_hash to determine if they are affected.
In xsltCopyText in transform.c in libxslt 1.1.33, a pointer variable
isn't reset under certain circumstances. If the relevant memory area
happened to be freed and reused in a certain way, a bounds check could
fail and memory outside a buffer could be written to, or uninitialized
data could be disclosed.
Nokogiri prior to version 1.10.5 contains a vulnerable version of
libxslt. Nokogiri version 1.10.5 upgrades the dependency to
libxslt 1.1.34, which contains a patch for this issue.
A vulnerability found in libxml2 in versions before 2.9.11 shows
that it did not propagate errors while parsing XML mixed content,
causing a NULL dereference. If an untrusted XML document was parsed
in recovery mode and post-validated, the flaw could be used to crash
the application. The highest threat from this vulnerability
is to system availability.
There's a flaw in libxml2 in versions before 2.9.11. An attacker
who is able to submit a crafted file to be processed by an application
linked with libxml2 could trigger a use-after-free. The greatest
impact from this flaw is to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Type confusion in xsltNumberFormatGetMultipleLevel prior to
libxslt 1.1.33 could allow attackers to potentially exploit heap
corruption via crafted XML data.
Nokogiri prior to version 1.10.5 contains a vulnerable version of
libxslt. Nokogiri version 1.10.5 upgrades the dependency to
libxslt 1.1.34, which contains a patch for this issue.
In numbers.c in libxslt 1.1.33, a type holding grouping characters of an xsl:number instruction was too narrow and an invalid character/length combination could be passed to xsltNumberFormatDecimal, leading to a read of uninitialized stack data.
Nokogiri prior to version 1.10.5 used a vulnerable version of libxslt. Nokogiri 1.10.5 updated libxslt to version 1.1.34 to address this and other vulnerabilities in libxslt.
There is a flaw in the xml entity encoding functionality of libxml2 in versions before 2.9.11. An attacker who is able to supply a crafted file to be processed by an application linked with the affected functionality of libxml2 could trigger an out-of-bounds read. The most likely impact of this flaw is to application availability, with some potential impact to confidentiality and integrity if an attacker is able to use memory information to further exploit the application.
Nokogiri prior to version 1.11.4 used a vulnerable version of libxml2. Nokogiri 1.11.4 updated libxml2 to version 2.9.11 to address this and other vulnerabilities in libxml2.
Nokogiri < v1.13.6 does not type-check all inputs into the XML and HTML4 SAX parsers.
For CRuby users, this may allow specially crafted untrusted inputs to cause illegal
memory access errors (segfault) or reads from unrelated memory.
Severity
The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as High 8.2 (CVSS3.1).
Mitigation
CRuby users should upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.6.
JRuby users are not affected.
Workarounds
To avoid this vulnerability in affected applications, ensure the untrusted input is a String by calling #to_s or equivalent.
Nokogiri v1.13.5 upgrades the packaged version of its dependency libxml2 from
v2.9.13 to v2.9.14.
libxml2 v2.9.14 addresses CVE-2022-29824.
This version also includes several security-related bug fixes for which CVEs were not created,
including a potential double-free, potential memory leaks, and integer-overflow.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.5, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden
defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries,
you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2 and libxslt release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.5.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation:
compile and link Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.9.14 which will also
address these same issues.
Description: In libxml2 before 2.9.14, several buffer handling functions in buf.c (xmlBuf*) and tree.c (xmlBuffer*) don't check for integer overflows. This can result in out-of-bounds memory writes. Exploitation requires a victim to open a crafted, multi-gigabyte XML file. Other software using libxml2's buffer functions, for example libxslt through 1.1.35, is affected as well.
All versions of libml2 prior to v2.9.14 are affected.
Applications parsing or serializing multi-gigabyte documents (in excess of INT_MAX bytes) may be vulnerable to an integer overflow bug in buffer handling that could lead to exposure of confidential data, modification of unrelated data, or a segmentation fault resulting in a denial-of-service.
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored xerces:xercesImpl from 2.12.0 to
2.12.2, which addresses CVE-2022-23437.
That CVE is scored as CVSS 6.5 "Medium" on the NVD record.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the JRuby implementation
of Nokogiri < 1.13.4.
Type: CWE-91 XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
Description: There's a vulnerability within the Apache Xerces Java
(XercesJ) XML parser when handling specially crafted XML document payloads.
This causes, the XercesJ XML parser to wait in an infinite loop, which may
sometimes consume system resources for prolonged duration. This vulnerability
is present within XercesJ version 2.12.1 and the previous versions.
Nokogiri < v1.13.4 contains an inefficient regular expression that is
susceptible to excessive backtracking when attempting to detect encoding
in HTML documents.
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored org.cyberneko.html library to 1.9.22.noko2 which addresses CVE-2022-24839.
That CVE is rated 7.5 (High Severity).
Description: The fork of org.cyberneko.html used by Nokogiri (Rubygem) raises a java.lang.OutOfMemoryError exception when parsing ill-formed HTML markup.
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored zlib from 1.2.11
to 1.2.12, which addresses CVE-2018-25032.
That CVE is scored as CVSS 7.4 "High" on the NVD record as of 2022-04-05.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of
Nokogiri < 1.13.4, and only if the packaged version of zlib is being used.
Please see this document
for a complete description of which platform gems vendor zlib. If you've
overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of
packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's zlib
release announcements.
Nokogiri v1.13.2 upgrades two of its packaged dependencies:
vendored libxml2 from v2.9.12 to v2.9.13
vendored libxslt from v1.1.34 to v1.1.35
Those library versions address the following upstream CVEs:
libxslt: CVE-2021-30560 (CVSS 8.8, High severity)
libxml2: CVE-2022-23308 (Unspecified severity, see more information below)
Those library versions also address numerous other issues including performance
improvements, regression fixes, and bug fixes, as well as memory leaks and other
use-after-free issues that were not assigned CVEs.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of
Nokogiri < 1.13.2, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've
overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of
packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2
and libxslt release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.2.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated
mitigation: compile and link an older version Nokogiri against external libraries
libxml2 >= 2.9.13 and libxslt >= 1.1.35, which will also address these same CVEs.
All versions of libxslt prior to v1.1.35 are affected.
Applications using untrusted XSL stylesheets to transform XML are vulnerable to
a denial-of-service attack and should be upgraded immediately.
libxml2 CVE-2022-23308
As of the time this security advisory was published, there is no officially
published information available about this CVE's severity. The above NIST link
does not yet have a published record, and the libxml2 maintainer has declined
to provide a severity score.
The upstream commit and the explanation linked above indicate that an application
may be vulnerable to a denial of service, memory disclosure, or code execution if
it parses an untrusted document with parse options DTDVALID set to true, and NOENT
set to false.
An analysis of these parse options:
While NOENT is off by default for Document, DocumentFragment, Reader, and
Schema parsing, it is on by default for XSLT (stylesheet) parsing in Nokogiri
v1.12.0 and later.
DTDVALID is an option that Nokogiri does not set for any operations, and so
this CVE applies only to applications setting this option explicitly.
It seems reasonable to assume that any application explicitly setting the parse
option DTDVALID when parsing untrusted documents is vulnerable and should be
upgraded immediately.
Note that two additional CVEs were addressed upstream but are not relevant to this release. CVE-2021-3516 via xmllint is not present in Nokogiri, and CVE-2020-7595 has been patched in Nokogiri since v1.10.8 (see #1992).
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.11.4, and only if the packaged version of libxml2 is being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2 release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.11.4.
Impact
I've done a brief analysis of the published CVEs that are addressed in this upstream release. The libxml2 maintainers have not released a canonical set of CVEs, and so this list is pieced together from secondary sources and may be incomplete.
All information below is sourced from security.archlinux.org, which appears to have the most up-to-date information as of this analysis.
Description: A memory leak was found in the xmlSchemaValidateStream function of libxml2. Applications that use this library may be vulnerable to memory not being freed leading to a denial of service.
Description: A use-after-free security issue was found in libxml2 before version 2.9.11 in xmlXIncludeDoProcess() in xinclude.c when processing crafted files.
Description: It was found that libxml2 before version 2.9.11 did not propagate errors while parsing XML mixed content, causing a NULL dereference. If an untrusted XML document was parsed in recovery mode and post-validated, the flaw could be used to crash the application.
Description: A security issue was found in libxml2 before version 2.9.11. Exponential entity expansion attack its possible bypassing all existing protection mechanisms and leading to denial of service.
Verified that the fix commit first appears in v2.9.11. It seems possible that this issue would be present in programs using Nokogiri < v1.11.4, however Nokogiri's default parse options prevent the attack from succeeding (it is necessary to opt into DTDLOAD which is off by default).
For more details supporting this analysis of this CVE, please visit #2233.
In Nokogiri versions <= 1.11.0.rc3, XML Schemas parsed by Nokogiri::XML::Schema
are trusted by default, allowing external resources to be accessed over the
network, potentially enabling XXE or SSRF attacks.
This behavior is counter to
the security policy followed by Nokogiri maintainers, which is to treat all input
as untrusted by default whenever possible.
Please note that this security
fix was pushed into a new minor version, 1.11.x, rather than a patch release to
the 1.10.x branch, because it is a breaking change for some schemas and the risk
was assessed to be "Low Severity".
Affected Versions
Nokogiri <= 1.10.10 as well as prereleases 1.11.0.rc1, 1.11.0.rc2, and 1.11.0.rc3
Mitigation
There are no known workarounds for affected versions. Upgrade to Nokogiri 1.11.0.rc4 or later.
If, after upgrading to 1.11.0.rc4 or later, you wish
to re-enable network access for resolution of external resources (i.e., return to
the previous behavior):
Ensure the input is trusted. Do not enable this option
for untrusted input.
When invoking the Nokogiri::XML::Schema constructor,
pass as the second parameter an instance of Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions with the NONET flag turned off.
So if your previous code was:
# in v1.11.0.rc3 and earlier, this call allows resources to be accessed over the network# but in v1.11.0.rc4 and later, this call will disallow network access for external resourcesschema=Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(schema)# in v1.11.0.rc4 and later, the following is equivalent to the code above# (the second parameter is optional, and this demonstrates its default value)schema=Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(schema,Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::DEFAULT_SCHEMA)
Then you can add the second parameter to indicate that the input is trusted by changing it to:
# in v1.11.0.rc3 and earlier, this would raise an ArgumentError# but in v1.11.0.rc4 and later, this allows resources to be accessed over the networkschema=Nokogiri::XML::Schema.new(trusted_schema,Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new.nononet)
Pulled in upstream patch from libxml that addresses CVE-2020-7595. Full details are available in #1992. Note that this patch is not yet (as of 2020-02-10) in an upstream release of libxml.
This is a security release. It addresses three CVEs in upstream libxml2,
for which details are below.
If you're using your distro's system libraries, rather than Nokogiri's
vendored libraries, there's no security need to upgrade at this time,
though you may want to check with your distro whether they've patched this
(Canonical has patched Ubuntu packages). Note that libxslt 1.1.34 addresses
these vulnerabilities.
Full details about the security update are available in Github Issue
[#1943] #1943.
Description: In numbers.c in libxslt 1.1.33, an xsl:number with certain format strings
could lead to a uninitialized read in xsltNumberFormatInsertNumbers. This
could allow an attacker to discern whether a byte on the stack contains the
characters A, a, I, i, or 0, or any other character.
Description: In numbers.c in libxslt 1.1.33, a type holding grouping characters of an
xsl:number instruction was too narrow and an invalid character/length
combination could be passed to xsltNumberFormatDecimal, leading to a read
of uninitialized stack data
Description: In xsltCopyText in transform.c in libxslt 1.1.33, a pointer variable isn't
reset under certain circumstances. If the relevant memory area happened to
be freed and reused in a certain way, a bounds check could fail and memory
outside a buffer could be written to, or uninitialized data could be
disclosed.
This is a security release. It addresses a CVE in upstream libxslt rated as
"Priority: medium" by Canonical, and "NVD Severity: high" by Debian. More
details are available below.
If you're using your distro's system libraries, rather than Nokogiri's
vendored libraries, there's no security need to upgrade at this time, though
you may want to check with your distro whether they've patched this
(Canonical has patched Ubuntu packages). Note that this patch is not yet (as
of 2019-04-22) in an upstream release of libxslt.
Full details about the security update are available in Github Issue
[#1892] #1892.
libxslt through 1.1.33 allows bypass of a protection mechanism
because callers of xsltCheckRead and xsltCheckWrite permit access
even upon receiving a -1 error code. xsltCheckRead can return -1 for
a crafted URL that is not actually invalid and is subsequently
loaded.
Canonical rates this as "Priority: Medium".
Debian rates this as "NVD Severity: High (attack range: remote)".
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commented
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🚨 Your current dependencies have known security vulnerabilities 🚨
This dependency update fixes known security vulnerabilities. Please see the details below and assess their impact carefully. We recommend to merge and deploy this as soon as possible!
Here is everything you need to know about this update. Please take a good look at what changed and the test results before merging this pull request.
What changed?
↗️ nokogiri (indirect, 1.10.1 → 1.15.6) · Repo · Changelog
Security Advisories 🚨
🚨 Use-after-free in libxml2 via Nokogiri::XML::Reader
🚨 Update packaged libxml2 to v2.10.4 to resolve multiple CVEs
🚨 Unchecked return value from xmlTextReaderExpand
🚨 Nokogiri affected by libxslt Use of Uninitialized Resource/ Use After Free vulnerability
🚨 Nokogiri Implements libxml2 version vulnerable to null pointer dereferencing
🚨 Nokogiri Implements libxml2 version vulnerable to use-after-free
🚨 Nokogiri implementation of libxslt vulnerable to heap corruption
🚨 libxslt Type Confusion vulnerability that affects Nokogiri
🚨 Nokogiri contains libxml Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability
🚨 Improper Handling of Unexpected Data Type in Nokogiri
🚨 Integer Overflow or Wraparound in libxml2 affects Nokogiri
🚨 XML Injection in Xerces Java affects Nokogiri
🚨 Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in Nokogiri
🚨 Denial of Service (DoS) in Nokogiri on JRuby
🚨 Out-of-bounds Write in zlib affects Nokogiri
🚨 Update packaged libxml2 (2.9.12 → 2.9.13) and libxslt (1.1.34 → 1.1.35)
🚨 Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (XXE) in Nokogiri on JRuby
🚨 Update packaged dependency libxml2 from 2.9.10 to 2.9.12
🚨 Nokogiri::XML::Schema trusts input by default, exposing risk of an XXE vulnerability
🚨 xmlStringLenDecodeEntities in parser.c in libxml2 2.9.10 has an infinite loop in a certain end-of-file situation.
🚨 Nokogiri gem, via libxslt, is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
🚨 Nokogiri Command Injection Vulnerability
🚨 Nokogiri gem, via libxslt, is affected by improper access control vulnerability
Release Notes
Too many releases to show here. View the full release notes.
Commits
See the full diff on Github. The new version differs by more commits than we can show here.
↗️ mini_portile2 (indirect, 2.4.0 → 2.8.5) · Repo · Changelog
Release Notes
Too many releases to show here. View the full release notes.
Commits
See the full diff on Github. The new version differs by more commits than we can show here.
🆕 racc (added, 1.7.3)
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