Myndex / SAPC-APCA

APCA (Accessible Perceptual Contrast Algorithm) is a new method for predicting contrast for use in emerging web standards (WCAG 3) for determining readability contrast. APCA is derived form the SAPC (S-LUV Advanced Predictive Color) which is an accessibility-oriented color appearance model designed for self-illuminated displays.
https://git.apcacontrast.com/documentation/APCAeasyIntro
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Having trouble understanding the results #7

Closed fstrr closed 2 years ago

fstrr commented 3 years ago

Hi

This is feedback on the beta version that was demoed on the Silver call on November 3rd. I've put a couple of values into the tool (#00c7fd and #ffffff) and am trying to make sense of the results.

a screenshot of the SAPC tool showing the results of comparing a light-blue background against white text

If I look at the Font Weight 400 column, these are the results:

Score Result
Preferred
Score 4 101px
Score 3 89px
Score 2 75
Score 1 63

My assumption is that:

  1. These two colors have poor contrast so there's no preferred size and weight, hence the ⊘ symbol.
  2. If I want Score 4 conformance, my computed font size at 400 weight has to be at least 101px.
  3. If I want Score 3 conformance, my computed font size at 400 weight has to be at least 89px.

After that is where I get confused. What do the 75 and 63 values refer to? I'm assuming it's not computed text size because "px" is missing. Is the reason those values are displayed in my chosen colors and in larger sizes relevant?

Thanks.

Myndex commented 3 years ago

Hi @fstrr Francis, thank you for commenting.

All values are font size in px.

Sorry if I wasn't clear on that, I'll add a statement at the top to clarify.

PREFERRED: At the moment I am cutting off preferred at 56%. This is not set in stone.

On Your Example

Your example uses a fairly saturated hue. But contrast perception that includes hue and saturation is not necessarily helpful for determining readability contrast, which is our goal. Some hue and saturation combinations interfere with readability and some impairments. Also, color hue/saturation/chroma has a lower resolution and lower effect on contrast than luminance.

Details in blue for instance can cause glare and chromatic aberration.

For readability, which I mean is the fluent reading at best speed, where whole words and letter pairs are recognized by the VWFA (Visual Word Form Area) we want a very high luminance contrast. This has been known for hundreds of years in the schools of classical design, but has been lost in the last 12 years of too-thin fonts and too-grey colors.

The VISUAL CONTRAST / READABILITY spec is about READABILITY not legibility.

It should be noted that there are known problems with the CIE's XYZ and other color spaces, which do have a very minor effect on luminance calculations, nevertheless the critical importance of luminance contrast for readability over chroma/hue is fairly well understood.

OBJECT RECOGNITION is a different matter, and processed differently. Look for "Visual Contrast Object and Non-Text" in the near future.

Andy

Myndex commented 2 years ago

This was fixed in the Jan 2021 revision, answer is useful for the FAQ, but the issue is closed now. Thank you.