On the Need of China to Now ‘Walk the Talk’ in Global Trade

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On the Need of China to Now ‘Walk the Talk’ in Global Trade by 全球化智库CCG

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Ambassador, Head of Delegation of the European Union to China: On the Need of China to Now ‘Walk the Talk’ in Global Trade

_“The EU is China’s number one trading partner, but the EU plus ASEAN equals 2/3 of China’s strength. We are major trade and investment partners and we want to push that relationship forward.”

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——H.E. Mr. Nicolas Chapuis, Ambassador, Head of Delegation of the European Union to the People’s Republic of China

I want to stress that I really appreciate, as I’ve seen this morning, the quality of the reports, the contribution you make to the debate on the economy in this country, especially under presents circumstances. We understand that our decisions have to be made in the next few weeks and months, while debating the 14th Five-Year Plan and I was surprised not to hear so much about that 14th Five-Year Plan yet. But this is capital for us to know where China will make its choices. I like something that someone said earlier this morning, that the only thing that benefits China in the mid and long term is reform. And if it benefits China, then it benefits Europe because 30% of global growth will come from China. So we need a strong China to have a strong recovery elsewhere, because when you recharge your phone, if there is no electricity, you have no more phone. We need China’s power to continue to drive global growth.

First we had the EU and China, and now we need to add ASEAN, because ASEAN has overcome this year. The EU is China’s number one trading partner, but the EU plus ASEAN equals 2/3 of China’s strength. We are major trade and investment partners and we want to push that relationship forward. We need the juice, but right now there’s not much juice, because the orange is not ripe. So, how do we do that? The news today is about the opening up of services and the free trade zone in Beijing. What we see when we look at the figures is that we are falling short of what we are doing worldwide. Trade and services in China are not at the level of what is done elsewhere in the world and this is the reality of a closed market. So, services, as President Xi has said, should be open. We want to be a service trade country, especially in the technologies of tomorrow, but in five years we need to see our trade service figures multiplied by two because that’s outstanding in the world. We are fighting the virus together, but where is the share of EU pharmaceutical and bio tech companies of investment and trade in China. Nowhere. Why? Because it’s closed. There is a negative list and no foreign investment in what matters most. How can you say that you want global cooperation with the WHO and we are all global partners to fight the virus and not allow investment, especially EU investment, in genetics and pharmaceuticals. Now you’re seeing all the European countries debating very seriously how to repatriate the pharmaceutical industry to Europe. We have to fill the gap between reality and promises as soon as possible.

This is also true in digital. Why does Huawei have a 40% market share in Europe? And why do Ericsson and Nokia, two European 5G companies, only have a total 11% market share in China? Sometimes you say Huawei’s products are better, but I need proof. Qualcomm would have some ideas about that which products are better. We are more expensive, yes, but there is a reason for that. We just hope that China acknowledges that the European Union is a mature service economy, and at a time when it decides to make big strides in service industries, that we are welcome. But that means we should have more cooperation between the EU and China in services. Opening the service sector to European companies to contribute our expertise and know-how would help in this respect. We should have a trade services environment where we’re all at the starting line and we all run and compete in good faith with the best possible products. In services, we just signed a very important free trade agreement with Singapore a few months back. It is one of the most developed agreements, especially on services, because Singapore is an incredible logistical platform in Asia.

We are currently finalizing the negotiations of an investment agreement with China, but it’s difficult. In that agreement, we have three chapters that clearly describe what I just say. The first chapter is about a level playing field and no discrimination between companies whatever nationality these companies are. The second chapter is about market access. We understand that China wants to protect some sectors, but it should allow more access now, because this access was promised in President Xi’s speech in Davos four years ago. Now is the time to walk the talk. And the third chapter is about labor laws and labor regulation, because it is becoming a very important topic worldwide. It is a pity that China, as it becomes one of the major economies today, has not yet reached the level of obligations of the International Labor Organization. This is going to become a problem for multinationals in China. Disney’s, new movie Mulan is being attacked worldwide, because people are asking about the filming conditions in Xinjiang. There will be more and more questions on labor laws, forced labor, child labor, and respect of norms and standards under the ILO framework.

To conclude, we are seeking improvement in China’s market, not only for our own sake, but for the sake of globalization, because the alternative, I want you to think about for a few minutes, is “zi li geng sheng”(自力更生)—self reliance. But the reality is that if there is a disaster in China, there will be a disaster in the world, including in Europe.

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Adapted from the transcript of a speech presented at the 7th China Inbound-Outbound Forum (September 2020).

// Editor's note

China and the World in a Changing Context: Perspectives from Ambassadors to China is the fourth book in the “China and Globalization” series, and was published in partnership with Springer Nature. With a total of 23 essays and 10 speeches from 27 Beijing-based ambassadors representing Europe, Africa, Asia, the Americas and Oceania, this volume examines a complex and changing world from the perspective of ambassadors, who are frontline participants of globalization and poised to champion more inclusive and more effective global governance. Their insights on China and the world in this book provide a unique and poignant view for anyone trying to make sense of the rapidly evolving global context.

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Series Editors: Huiyao Wang Lu Miao

Publisher: Springer Nature Publishing Group

CCG Books

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● Published by Springer

● Edited by Wang Huiyao and Lu Miao

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China and the World in a Changing Context-Perspectives from Ambassadors to China is the latest volume in CCG’s “China and Globalization” series, which seeks to create a balanced global perspective by gathering the views of highly influential scholars, practitioners, and opinion leaders from around the world on issues of policy and governance.

Ambassadors are a kind of vehicle and bellwether for globalization. These diplomatic envoys serve as pivotal contact points between nations across a wide range of fields, from economics and culture, to health and the environment. The special group of ambassadors in this book – all based in Beijing – are at the forefront of what, for many countries, is one of their most important bilateral relationships and the platform for one of the most striking and consequential developments in global affairs in the 21st century: the rise of China on the world stage.

● Links：

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-16-8086-1

● Published by Springer

● Edited by Wang Huiyao and Lu Miao

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Released nearly two years after the outbreak of COVID-19, Transition and Opportunity brings together an array of CEOs and senior executives from leading multinationals, leaders of foreign trade associations and representatives of advocacy groups on the ground in China to share their views on the potential and risks China holds for business as the world economy recovers.

The 22 entries in this book include contributions from the heads of Beijing-based chambers of commerce representing the EU, the US, France, Switzerland and Brazil and others, CEOs and senior executives of MNCs like Airbus, Royal DSM, Michelin, LinkedIn and Herbalife as well as representatives of global consulting firms like KPMG, PwC, Accenture and Roland Berger.

Divided into three parts - ‘The Big Picture,’ ‘Analysis and Advice,’ and ‘On the Ground’ - content progresses from looking at how countries balance their own interests with China’s for that elusive ‘win-win’ formula, to the role consultancies and advisors play in helping companies succeed, then looking at the experiences of individual companies to see how they have adapted and thrived in China.

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● Links：

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-16-8603-0

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● Published by Springer

● Edited by Wang Huiyao and Alistair Michie

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This book brings together leading international scholars and policy-makers to explore the challenges and dilemmas of globalization and governance in an era increasingly defined by economic crises, widespread populism, retreating internationalism, and a looming cold war between the United States and China. It provides the diversity of views on those widely concerned topics such as global governance, climate change, global health, migration, S&T revolution, financial market, and sustainable development.

● Links：

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-16-5391-9

● Published by Springer

● Edited by Wang Huiyao, President and Miao Lu, Vice President, Center for China and Globalization(CCG), Beijing, China

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The internationalization of Chinese enterprises is one of the most notable aspects of economic globalization in the 21st century. Despite the 2008 financial crisis and weak global outbound investment, under the “go global“ initiative, Chinese outbound investment has gone from strength to strength, while also diversifying in terms of investment modalities, destinations, and industries. However, growing anti-globalization sentiment in some countries has also created new challenges for Chinese firms expanding internationally.

Drawing on nearly 3000 data samples, using both quantitative and qualitative research methods, this book presents unique insights into the features and patterns of Chinese enterprises’ globalization. The analysis provides a useful reference for enterprises that have already gone global and those that plan to. In particular, this book investigates challenges confronted by Chinese companies when doing business in foreign countries. It summarizes research covering three angles, namely: the current situation, causation analysis and corresponding solutions, and recommendations for firms, government agencies and other institutions.

This book provides a comprehensive overview to help readers to grasp the broad picture of the international expansion of Chinese enterprises. It has important reference value for enterprises to help devise foreign investment strategy, seize opportunities, and navigate challenges in the course of globalization.

● Links：

https://www.springer.com/cn/book/9789811546457

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● Published by Edward Elgar

● Edited by Wang Huiyao, President and Miao Lu, Vice President, Center for China and Globalization(CCG), Beijing, China

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An excellent guide for understanding the trends, challenges and opportunities facing China through globalization, this Handbook answers the pertinent questions regarding the globalization process and China’s influence on the world.

With contributions from leading experts and international researchers, each chapter covers key topics regarding China’s participation in globalization, including: China’s new role in global economic governance; outward direct investment; China’s soft power and the implications for foreign relations; global migration, diaspora and talent. An enriching range of case studies and extensive empirical research are used to explore the successes and failures of globalization in China, and to discuss the dilemmas facing decision makers in today’s globalized world. A major contribution to the field, this Handbook offers valuable insights to China’s often misunderstood globalization process.

An essential reference for academics and researchers looking for a go-to empirical resource, this Handbook provides scholars of economics, politics and East Asian studies with an exemplary selection of contemporary research on China and globalization.

● Links：

https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/handbook-on-china-and-globalization

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● Published by Springer

● Authors: Wang Huiyao, President and Miao Lu, Vice President, Center for China and Globalization(CCG), Beijing, China

The first effort to address the gap regarding higher-end talent within the scholarly work on internal labor migration in China

Provides an essential overview of the major milestones in China’s talents attraction policies, as well as several recommendations to help further improve those policies

Investigates corresponding policies in Germany, Japan, and Singapore to serve as a basis for comparison

Provides a snapshot of first-hand reference material for relevant stakeholders involved in cooperation with China

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This book offers the most comprehensive, up-to-date assessment of China’s domestic and international migration. Restructuring economic development requires large numbers of educated and skilled talents, but this effort comes at a time when the size of China’s domestic workforce is shrinking. In response, both national and regional governments in China have been keen to encourage overseas Chinese talents and professionals to return to the country. Meanwhile, the Chinese government has initiated a number of policies to attract international highly-skilled talents and enhance the country’s competitiveness, and some Chinese policies have started attracting foreign talents, who are coming to the country to work, and even to stay. Since Chinese policies, mechanisms, and administration efforts to attract and retain skilled domestic or overseas talents are helping to reshape China’s economy and are significantly affecting the cooperation on migration and talent mobility, these aspects, in addition to being of scholarly and research interest, hold considerable commercial potential.

● Links：

https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811362552#aboutBook

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