carbon offset LNG

[Iulia101]

Description of the issue

"carbon offset LNG" is an important term in the LNG domain, that should be added.

Ideas of solution

Propose definition: A process that involves a reduction in, removal of, greenhouse gas emissions or in carbon storage in order to compensate for emissions made by the liquefied natural gas process - addapted for LNG as proposed by ERRA (ET_glossary_final.pdf).

Update oeo-physical. Parent LNG - OEO: 00010237.

Workflow checklist

• [x] I discussed the issue with someone else than me before working on a solution - The issue was discussed internaly in the OTCnLNG team (https://ontochain.ngi.eu/content/otcnlng-single-origin-truth-provide-lng-buyers-and-sellers-decentralized-interoperable-view). Presentation of the project and proposal of OEO extension was made on https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/2022-12-07_OEO-LNG.
• [x] I already read the latest version of the workflow for this repository
• [x] The goal of this ontology is clear to me

I am aware that

• [x] every entry in the ontology should have a definition
• [x] classes should arise from concepts rather than from words

[l-emele]

We have to distinguish here two concepts:

1. The process of producing LNG by carbon offsetting.
2. The material entity LNG that is output of such a process.

[Snjezana-JO]

Hi, I-emele, Can you please elaborate the two concepts?

[stap-m]

Propose definition: A process that involves a reduction in, removal of, greenhouse gas emissions or in carbon storage in order to compensate for emissions made by the liquefied natural gas process - addapted for LNG as proposed by ERRA (ET_glossary_final.pdf).

The process of producing LNG by carbon offsetting.

Let's call the process carbon offset LNG production for now. The proposed definition from @Iulia101 suggests, that carbon offset LNG production is a specification of an LNG production process, which should be defined as a first step.

• We need production for that which is being discussed in #1526.
• LNG production is a production process which has LNG as physical output. (alternative term: liquified natural gas production)?
• Carbon offset LNG production is an LNG production process which involves a removal of greenhouse gas emissions, e.g. by carbon storage, in order to compensate for emissions made by the liquefied natural gas process.

[l-emele]

What exactly do we mean here with LNG production? The whole process chain from extraction of natural gas from the soil to liquefaction?

[Snjezana-JO]

Please note the slice difference between carbon offset & carbon neutral LNG: Carbon offset LNG refers to liquefied natural gas that has undergone a process to offset or compensate for its carbon emissions. This involves investing in projects or activities that reduce or remove an equivalent amount of CO2 from the atmosphere to offset the emissions generated throughout the LNG lifecycle. On the other hand, carbon-neutral LNG refers to liquefied natural gas that has been produced and consumed in a way that results in net-zero carbon emissions. This means that the entire carbon footprint associated with LNG production, transportation, and use has been effectively balanced or offset through various measures, such as reducing emissions, utilizing carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, or purchasing verified carbon offsets. While both concepts aim to reduce the environmental impact of LNG, carbon-neutral LNG goes a step further by ensuring that no net carbon emissions are released into the atmosphere. It requires a comprehensive approach that minimizes emissions throughout the entire value chain and includes offsetting or neutralizing any remaining emissions.

[Snjezana-JO]

What exactly do we mean here with LNG production? = We'll go through it internally and revert asap.

[l-emele]

Probably we have to discuss and solve issue #1538 first which has all the stages of the LNG process chain before adding the additional difficulty of defining LNG production combined with carbon offsetting.