做 Linux Kernel 的第 2 步时，报错：Kernel panic - not syncing: Out of memory and no killable processes

按照《Linux Kernel 的构建.md》，做第 2 步，编译过程顺利。也给 NEMU 设置了额外多的 memory size（CONFIG_MSIZE=0x1800000000）。

但是，执行下面命令时，报错信息如下：

$ ./NEMU/build/riscv64-nemu-interpreter -b ./riscv-pk/build/bbl.bin

[src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'clint' at [0x0000000038000000, 0x000000003800ffff] [src/isa/riscv64/init.c,62,init_isa] NEMU will start from pc 0x80000000 [src/monitor/monitor.c,101,load_img] The image is ./riscv-pk/build/bbl.bin [src/device/io/port-io.c,15,add_pio_map] Add port-io map 'uartlite' at [0x00000000000003f8, 0x0000000000000404] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'uartlite' at [0x0000000040600000, 0x000000004060000c] [src/device/io/port-io.c,15,add_pio_map] Add port-io map 'rtc' at [0x0000000000000048, 0x000000000000004f] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'rtc' at [0x00000000a1000048, 0x00000000a100004f] [src/device/io/port-io.c,15,add_pio_map] Add port-io map 'screen' at [0x0000000000000100, 0x0000000000000107] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'screen' at [0x0000000040001000, 0x0000000040001007] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'vmem' at [0x0000000050000000, 0x00000000500752ff] [src/device/io/port-io.c,15,add_pio_map] Add port-io map 'keyboard' at [0x0000000000000060, 0x0000000000000063] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'keyboard' at [0x00000000a1000060, 0x00000000a1000063] [src/device/io/mmio.c,18,add_mmio_map] Add mmio map 'sdhci' at [0x0000000040002000, 0x000000004000207f] [src/device/sdcard.c,120,init_sdcard] Can not find sdcard image: [src/monitor/monitor.c,25,welcome] Debug: OFF [src/monitor/monitor.c,30,welcome] Build time: 14:45:29, Apr 6 2022 Welcome to riscv64-NEMU! For help, type "help" bbl loader freq-mhz = 500 CLINT: set frequency to 500 MHz vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
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   INSTRUCTION SETS WANT TO BE FREE

[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000 [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.18.0-14485-g036ca364c6b2-dirty (yangqi@gdcni-2U-Rack-Server) (gcc version 10.2.0 (g83718316603)) #3 Wed Apr 6 11:22:17 CST 2022 [ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled [ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(ptrval) (6730127 bytes) [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: [ 0.000000] DMA32 empty [ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x0000000081ffffff] [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x0000000081ffffff] [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x0000000081ffffff] [ 0.000000] Cannot allocate SWIOTLB buffer [ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 7575 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0 rootfstype=ext4 ro rootwait earlycon [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.000000] Sorting ex_table... [ 0.000000] Memory: 18340K/30720K available (3204K kernel code, 218K rwdata, 922K rodata, 6704K init, 773K bss, 12380K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0 [ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1d854df40, max_idle_ns: 3526361616960 ns [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25 [ 0.000000] console [hvc0] enabled [ 0.000000] console [hvc0] enabled [ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled [ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled [ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=10000) [ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.000000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.020000] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.020000] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x6e/0x1a6 with crng_init=0 [ 0.020000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns [ 0.020000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 6144 bytes) [ 0.030000] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.040000] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.050000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource [ 0.280000] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.280000] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.280000] TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.280000] TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.280000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512) [ 0.280000] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.280000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.280000] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.480000] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. [ 0.480000] RPC: Registered udp transport module. [ 0.480000] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. [ 0.480000] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. [ 10.640000] swapper invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x6200c2(GFP_HIGHUSER), nodemask=(null), order=0, oom_score_adj=0 [ 10.640000] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.18.0-14485-g036ca364c6b2-dirty #3 [ 10.640000] Call Trace: [ 10.640000] [] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa6 [ 10.640000] [] show_stack+0x2a/0x34 [ 10.640000] [] dump_stack+0x20/0x28 [ 10.640000] [] dump_header.constprop.0+0x4a/0x14a [ 10.640000] [] out_of_memory+0x2de/0x2f4 [ 10.640000] [] alloc_pages_nodemask+0x444/0x874 [ 10.640000] [] pagecache_get_page+0xe6/0x236 [ 10.640000] [] grab_cache_page_write_begin+0x1a/0x2e [ 10.640000] [] simple_write_begin+0x24/0x106 [ 10.640000] [] generic_perform_write+0x7a/0x15a [ 10.640000] [] generic_file_write_iter+0xd4/0x11e [ 10.640000] [] generic_file_write_iter+0xc4/0x160 [ 10.840000] [] vfs_write+0xd2/0x100 [ 10.840000] [] vfs_write+0x74/0x108 [ 10.840000] [] ksys_write+0x3a/0x7a [ 10.840000] [] xwrite+0x30/0x64 [ 10.840000] [] do_copy+0x88/0xd0 [ 10.840000] [] write_buffer+0x26/0x3a [ 10.840000] [] flush_buffer+0x42/0x96 [ 10.840000] [] gunzip+0x21c/0x296 [ 10.840000] [] gunzip+0x12/0x1a [ 10.840000] [] unpack_to_rootfs+0x13e/0x236 [ 10.840000] [] populate_rootfs+0x20/0xaa [ 10.840000] [] do_one_initcall+0x28/0x100 [ 10.840000] [] kernel_init_freeable+0x11e/0x1b8 [ 10.840000] [] kernel_init+0x12/0xe8 [ 10.840000] [] ret_from_exception+0x0/0xc [ 10.840000] Mem-Info: [ 10.840000] active_anon:0 inactive_anon:0 isolated_anon:0 [ 10.840000] active_file:0 inactive_file:0 isolated_file:0 [ 10.840000] unevictable:4110 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 [ 10.840000] slab_reclaimable:35 slab_unreclaimable:201 [ 10.840000] mapped:0 shmem:0 pagetables:0 bounce:0 [ 10.840000] free:135 free_pcp:0 free_cma:0 [ 10.840000] Node 0 active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:16440kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB mapped:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB shmem:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB unstable:0kB all_unreclaimable? no [ 10.840000] Normal free:540kB min:540kB low:672kB high:804kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:16440kB writepending:0kB present:30720kB managed:18340kB mlocked:0kB kernel_stack:144kB pagetables:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB [ 10.840000] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 [ 10.840000] Normal: 14kB (U) 18kB (U) 116kB (U) 032kB 064kB 0128kB 0256kB 1512kB (U) 01024kB 02048kB 0*4096kB = 540kB [ 10.840000] 4123 total pagecache pages [ 10.840000] 0 pages in swap cache [ 10.840000] Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0 [ 10.840000] Free swap = 0kB [ 10.840000] Total swap = 0kB [ 10.840000] 7680 pages RAM [ 10.840000] 0 pages HighMem/MovableOnly [ 10.840000] 3095 pages reserved [ 10.840000] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss pgtables_bytes swapents oom_score_adj name [ 10.840000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Out of memory and no killable processes... [ 10.840000] [ 10.840000] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.18.0-14485-g036ca364c6b2-dirty #3 [ 10.840000] Call Trace: [ 10.840000] [] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa6 [ 10.840000] [] show_stack+0x2a/0x34 [ 10.840000] [] dump_stack+0x20/0x28 [ 10.840000] [] panic+0xc0/0x1d0 [ 10.840000] [] out_of_memory+0x2ea/0x2f4 [ 10.840000] [] alloc_pages_nodemask+0x444/0x874 [ 10.840000] [] pagecache_get_page+0xe6/0x236 [ 10.840000] [] grab_cache_page_write_begin+0x1a/0x2e [ 10.840000] [] simple_write_begin+0x24/0x106 [ 10.840000] [] generic_perform_write+0x7a/0x15a [ 10.840000] [] generic_file_write_iter+0xd4/0x11e [ 10.840000] [] generic_file_write_iter+0xc4/0x160 [ 10.840000] [] vfs_write+0xd2/0x100 [ 10.840000] [] vfs_write+0x74/0x108 [ 10.840000] [] ksys_write+0x3a/0x7a [ 10.840000] [] xwrite+0x30/0x64 [ 10.840000] [] do_copy+0x88/0xd0 [ 10.840000] [] write_buffer+0x26/0x3a [ 10.840000] [] flush_buffer+0x42/0x96 [ 10.840000] [] __gunzip+0x21c/0x296 [ 10.840000] [] gunzip+0x12/0x1a [ 10.840000] [] unpack_to_rootfs+0x13e/0x236 [ 10.840000] [] populate_rootfs+0x20/0xaa [ 10.840000] [] do_one_initcall+0x28/0x100 [ 10.840000] [] kernel_init_freeable+0x11e/0x1b8 [ 10.840000] [] kernel_init+0x12/0xe8 [ 10.840000] [] ret_from_exception+0x0/0xc [ 10.840000] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Out of memory and no killable processes... [ 10.840000] ]--- ^C

OpenXiangShan / XiangShan-doc

做 Linux Kernel 的第 2 步时，报错：Kernel panic - not syncing: Out of memory and no killable processes #9