[CI] Update dependencies versions & add PHP 8.3

[dansysanalyst]

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Motivation

• [ ] Bug fix
• [X] Enhancement
• [ ] New feature
• [ ] Breaking change

Description

This PR fix failing CI tests for PostgreSQL.

Update CI image version according to Laravel 10 and Laravel 11 (unreleased) minimum database versions. I have also added PHP 8.3 to the matrix.

Documentation

This PR requires Documentation update?

• [ ] Yes
• [X] No
• [ ] I have already submitted a Documentation pull request.

[luanfreitasdev]

Thank you @dansysanalyst !