Prepare the introduction of pre-commit CI + repository configuration updates

[Takishima]

Prepare the transition to using pre-commit CI to validate PRs.

• Remove pre-commit from GitHub workflows
• Update pre-commit hook versions
• Add a few new pre-commit hooks
• Update clang-tidy workflow to use clang-tidy 14
• Remove .travis.yml file since not needed anymore
• Fix linter/formatter warnings

@andreashehn You might want to look at this diff when doing your review, as the rest of the commits are essentially just cosmetic changes in order to solve formatter/linter warnings.

For convenience, here is a link to the diff for the rest of the commits.

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 3357022723

• 33 of 33 (100.0%) changed or added relevant lines in 25 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage remained the same at 100.0%

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Totals
Change from base Build 3356717161:	0.0%
Covered Lines:	7304
Relevant Lines:	7304

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💛 - Coveralls