Adding NEP21 and cost data for 2019

[toniseibold]

Because of the Covid pandemic, the prices for gas, coal and oil were low because of the decreased demand. Since we are using 2019 demand data from eurostat, the workflow now takes also the prices from 2019 into account.

There are also added heat pump values manually for 2019/2020:

technology	investment costs	unit
decentral air-sourced heat pump	3319	EUR2020/kW_th
decentral ground-sourced heat pump	5340	EUR2020/kW_th

The Network expansion costs are changed for all planning_horizons:

technology	investment costs	unit
electricity distribution grid	3000	EUR2020/kW
HVAC overhead	736	EUR2020/MW/km
HVDC inverter pair	600000	EUR2020/MW
HVDC overhead	1000	EUR2020/MW/km
HVDC submarine	3250	EUR2020/MW/km

Note that the og table from Fabian Neumann included more data but the DEA data does not include AC/DC underground data. Since the submarine data is missing in NEP 21, the underground values are taken as substitute.	Paramter & unit	PyPSA-Eur	NEP 23	NEP 21	ACER 23 average	ACER 23 Q3	Vrana & Härtel (2023)
AC overhead (€/MW/km)	442	1325-1384	736	371	481	-
AC underground (€/MW/km)	-	4711	3386	771	821	-
AC submarine (€/MW/km)	-	-	-	1182	1488	-
DC overhead (€/MW/km)	442	-	1000	371	481	-
DC underground (€/MW/km)	-	3300-3800	3250	771	821	870
DC submarine (€/MW/km)	1008	-	-	653	741	1159
DC inverter pair (€/kW)	166	-	600	150	193	-

Compared to before the capital_cost of DC links are now ~ 3 times higher then before.

[nworbmot]

Hi @toniseibold, good so far, a few changes:

• 3.319 German-style thousands-separator won't parse properly, write 3319 for heat pumps
• new costs for heat pumps should be there in 2025-2050 also, with a light cost degression (e.g. look what DEA does, e.g. 10% reduction in 2030, 20% in 2050 or similar)
• for units, kW not kw in case there are problems parsing in chain
• reuse function update_transmission_costs with from add_electricity import update_transmission_costs
• test afterwards to make sure it's worked in prenetwork, i.e. look at n.lines.capital_cost
• give references, e.g. PDF link for Ariadne heat pumps data, NEP2021

[toniseibold]

Thanks for the review!

Cost reduction following the DEA reductions

Everything else should also be addressed. Couldn't find the source for the heat pump investment costs for 2020 but added Ariadne database as source.

[toniseibold]

Strange infeasability for offshore wind coming up for 2030 when optimizing myopic from 2020 on:

IIS computed: 7 constraints and 0 bounds
IIS runtime: 0.00 seconds (0.00 work units)
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 3 offwind-ac-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 3 offwind-ac-2030] ≤ 1.33756202558e-07
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 3 offwind-dc-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 3 offwind-dc-2030] ≤ 3.84843588108e-07
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 6 offwind-ac-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 6 offwind-ac-2030] ≤ 2492.76843401
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 6 offwind-dc-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 6 offwind-dc-2030] ≤ 1.37606548378e-09
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 7 offwind-ac-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 7 offwind-ac-2030] ≤ 7.66360699345e-08
Generator-ext-p_nom-upper[DE1 7 offwind-dc-2030]: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 7 offwind-dc-2030] ≤ 3.35546133101e-08
GlobalConstraint-capacity_minimum-DE-Generator-offwind: +1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 3 offwind-ac-2030] + 1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 3 offwind-dc-2030] + 1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 6 offwind-ac-2030] + 1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 6 offwind-dc-2030] + 1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 7 offwind-ac-2030] + 1 Generator-p_nom[DE1 7 offwind-dc-2030] ≥ 2658.61335008
ERROR:root:Uncaught exception

[FabianHofmann]

@toniseibold is this perfect foresight? If yes, please update to the latest pypsa version

[toniseibold]

It is myopic foresight. With new config settings

renewable:
  offwind-ac:
    capacity_per_sqkm: 10
  offwind-dc:
    capacity_per_sqkm: 10

it works however those are rather high...

[nworbmot]

Source for heat pump data is https://ariadneprojekt.de/media/2024/01/Ariadne-Analyse_HeizkostenEmissionenGebaeude_Januar2024.pdf, Anhang at end.

[toniseibold]

did not reuse function update_transmission_costs with from add_electricity import update_transmission_costs since I had to slightly change the function to not set prices for the extension of reversed lines/links. Since the function is rather short I copied and renamed it to transmission_costs_from_modified_cost_data. This is the minimal invasive way that doesn't need changes in pypsa-Eur or the pypsa-Eur ariadne branch.