Add Regional Policy Constraints, OASIS Natural Gas Data, Fix Validation Plots

ktehranchi commented 4 months ago

Closes #205 #181 #175 #166 #170

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

A set of new Opts all configured in config/policy_constraints/*.csv:

205 : Implements new Opt for Regional Planning Reserve Margin Constraints (SAFER) - Reserve Margins are set by NERC for individual planning regions. The user can set a reserve margin for a given planning horizon and region. Region must match the cluster: aggregation_zones.
181 : Implements new Opt for regional CO2 Limits (RCo2L) - CO2 Emissions constraints can be set for a specific region (state or balancing_area) and planning horizon for which total emissions produced in the state must be less than. A placeholder for imports emissions factors accounting is included in the policy constraint file.
166 : Implements new Opt for regional Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) - User can constrain percentage of electricity production in a region for a given planning horizon for a given list of carriers. Data included for currently implemented RPS/CES standards in the WECC.
Prior to this PR, pypsa-usa used pyps-eur's solve_network rule. Now we use our local script since we have added new opts

Other Changes:

175 : New Modules retrieve_caiso_data and build_fuel_prices created to pull regional daily historical natural gas prices and transform them to the correct format to be used in add_electricity. Daily Data from CAISO for BAs in the WEIM, and Monthly data from the EIA at a statelevel are reindex and combined.

update_marginal_costs() in add_electricity first looks for BA level fuel price data, then for missing generator will use State Level data from the EIA.
Validation Data fixed for WECC @nomineb
:) adding old documentation I should have added a while ago

Checklist

[x] I tested my contribution locally and it seems to work fine.
[x] Code and workflow changes are sufficiently documented.
[x] Changed dependencies are added to envs/environment.yaml.
[x] Changes in configuration options are added in all of config.default.yaml.
[x] Changes in configuration options are also documented in doc/configtables/*.csv.

ktehranchi commented 4 months ago

@FabianHofmann - I noticed in pypsa-eur's solve_network script you have a "TODO" note to change the SAFE opt to accept regional SAFE/PRM standards. I have implemented that opt here for PyPSA-USA as well as two other Opts you all could use in EUR.

If it is of interest I can PR one or multiple of these new opts into EUR... let me know!

FabianHofmann commented 4 months ago

@ktehranchi thanks for the offer, I think that would be a good idea!

ktehranchi commented 4 months ago

@FabianHofmann Happy to contribute! Will submit soon.

PyPSA / pypsa-usa