Add Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm example

[oxarbitrage]

I was learning about the Deutsch-Jozsa so i wrote some code for a demo. Feel free to:

• suggest changes, i will try to make them when i have time.
• make changes directly.
• merge.
• not merge.
• etc.

[Renmusxd]

So there's a simplified version of Deutsch in examples already, but this one seems like a mapping from the qiskit link you provided, is that true? If so I don't mind adding that for a display of variety.

[oxarbitrage]

So there's a simplified version of Deutsch in examples already, but this one seems like a mapping from the qiskit link you provided, is that true?

Yes, it seems several textbooks/courses treat the Deutsch algorithm and the general version called Deutsch-Jozsa as different algorithms and that makes sense to me for a few reasons:

• Deutsch-Jozsa was discovered later in time than the special case Deutsch.
• Deutsch-Jozsa can handle bit string inputs of arbitrary size while Deutsch only can handle inputs of a 1 and/or a 0.

Technically they are very similar but as you said, for variety i think it will be good to have this one.