Papers to cite

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Here's a list of recent papers we need to be mindful of...

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25758642

1. Nat Commun. 2015 Mar 11;6:6528. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7528.

Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Feng Q(1), Liang S(2), Jia H(3), Stadlmayr A(4), Tang L(3), Lan Z(3), Zhang D(3), Xia H(3), Xu X(3), Jie Z(3), Su L(3), Li X(3), Li X(3), Li J(5), Xiao L(3), Huber-Schönauer U(4), Niederseer D(4), Xu X(3), Al-Aama JY(6), Yang H(3), Wang J(3), Kristiansen K(1), Arumugam M(7), Tilg H(8), Datz C(4), Wang J(9).

Colorectal cancer, a commonly diagnosed cancer in the elderly, often develops slowly from benign polyps called adenoma. The gut microbiota is believed to be directly involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. The identity and functional capacity of the adenoma- or carcinoma-related gut microbe(s), however, have not been surveyed in a comprehensive manner. Here we perform a metagenome-wide association study (MGWAS) on stools from advanced adenoma and carcinoma patients and from healthy subjects, revealing microbial genes, strains and functions enriched in each group. An analysis of potential risk factors indicates that high intake of red meat relative to fruits and vegetables appears to associate with outgrowth of bacteria that might contribute to a more hostile gut environment. These findings suggest that faecal microbiome-based strategies may be useful for early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma or carcinoma.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25758642

1. Mol Syst Biol. 2014 Nov 28;10:766. doi: 10.15252/msb.20145645.

Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer.

Zeller G(1), Tap J(2), Voigt AY(3), Sunagawa S(1), Kultima JR(1), Costea PI(1), Amiot A(4), Böhm J(5), Brunetti F(6), Habermann N(5), Hercog R(7), Koch M(8), Luciani A(9), Mende DR(1), Schneider MA(8), Schrotz-King P(5), Tournigand C(10), Tran Van Nhieu J(11), Yamada T(12), Zimmermann J(7), Benes V(7), Kloor M(13), Ulrich CM(14), von Knebel Doeberitz M(13), Sobhani I(15), Bork P(16).

Several bacterial species have been implicated in the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but CRC-associated changes of fecal microbiota and their potential for cancer screening remain to be explored. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples to identify taxonomic markers that distinguished CRC patients from tumor-free controls in a study population of 156 participants. Accuracy of metagenomic CRC detection was similar to the standard fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and when both approaches were combined, sensitivity improved > 45% relative to the FOBT, while maintaining its specificity. Accuracy of metagenomic CRC detection did not differ significantly between early- and late-stage cancer and could be validated in independent patient and control populations (N = 335) from different countries. CRC-associated changes in the fecal microbiome at least partially reflected microbial community composition at the tumor itself, indicating that observed gene pool differences may reveal tumor-related host-microbe interactions. Indeed, we deduced a metabolic shift from fiber degradation in controls to utilization of host carbohydrates and amino acids in CRC patients, accompanied by an increase of lipopolysaccharide metabolism.