[🐛 Bug]: Selenium Grid - AttributeError: 'WebDriver' object has no attribute 'execute_cdp_cmd'

[SanjaySRocks]

What happened?

When I execute python code for printing html to pdf it throws an error

error:

 result = self.driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.printToPDF", print_options)
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'WebDriver' object has no attribute 'execute_cdp_cmd

code

        directory = os.path.dirname(path)
        if not os.path.exists(directory):
            os.makedirs(directory)

        print_options = {
            'landscape': False,
            'displayHeaderFooter': False,
            'printBackground': True,
            'preferCSSPageSize': True
        }

        # Convert the page to PDF
        result = self.driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.printToPDF", print_options)

        # Decode the base64-encoded PDF data
        pdf_data = base64.b64decode(result['data'])

        # Write the PDF to a file
        with open(path, 'wb') as file:
            file.write(pdf_data)

It should run perfectly as it runs (successfully) in selenium locally without using grid. However it throws an error when using selenium grid remotely.

How can we reproduce the issue?

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import UnexpectedAlertPresentException

# Chrome Driver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

import os, json
import base64
import time

baseDetails = {
    "sessionId": "24",
    "category": "RG",
    "course": "BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION",
    "sem": "4"
}

class BaseResult:
    def __init__(self):

        self.driver_options = Options()
        self.driver_options.add_argument('--kiosk-printing')
        self.driver_options.add_argument('--log-level=3')
        self.driver_options.add_argument('--guest')
        self.driver_options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
        self.driver_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
        self.driver_options.add_argument("--headless")
        self.driver_options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")

        self.driver = webdriver.Remote(
            command_executor='http://142.93.216.144:4444/wd/hub',
            options=self.driver_options
            )

    def save_as_pdf(self, path):
        directory = os.path.dirname(path)
        if not os.path.exists(directory):
            os.makedirs(directory)

        print_options = PrintOptions()
        print_options.page_ranges = ['1-2']

        # Convert the page to PDF
        base64code = self.driver.print_page(print_options)
        pdf_data = base64.b64decode(base64code)

        # Write the PDF to a file
        with open(path, 'wb') as file:
            file.write(pdf_data)

    def check_result_exist(self, name, rollno, result_folder):
        format_name = name.replace(' ', '_')
        result_path = f"{result_folder}/result-{format_name}-{rollno}.pdf"
        if os.path.exists(result_path):
            print(f"The file '{result_path}' already exists.")
            return True
        return False

    def close(self):
        self.driver.quit()

class CSJMUResult(BaseResult):    
    def get_all_students(self):

        with open("students.json", 'r') as file:
            Students = json.load(file)

        for st in Students:
            self.process_student(st['name'], st['rollno'], st['dob'])

    def process_student(self, name, rollno, dob):

        if self.check_result_exist(name, rollno, "Results"):
            return

        try:
            # Open CSJMU Website
            self.driver.get("https://admission.csjmu.ac.in/DisplayResult/Index")

            # Fill session id
            dropdown_sessionid = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "SessionID")
            select = Select(dropdown_sessionid)
            select.select_by_value(baseDetails['sessionId'])

            # Wait for api to populate exam category
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, f"//option[@value='{baseDetails['category']}']"))
            )

            dropdown_examcode = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "ExamCategoryCode")
            select = Select(dropdown_examcode)
            select.select_by_value(baseDetails['category'])

            # wait for api to populate course options
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, f"//option[text()='{baseDetails['course']}']"))
            )

            # click on course option
            dropdown_course = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//span[@id='select2-SubCourseID-container']")
            dropdown_course.click()

            # wait and click on course 
            dropdown_option = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, f"//li[@class='select2-results__option' and text()='{baseDetails['course']}']")))
            dropdown_option.click()

            # wait for api to populate semester option
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, f"//option[@value='{baseDetails['sem']}']"))
            )

            dropdown_sem = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "SemYearID")
            select = Select(dropdown_sem)
            select.select_by_value(baseDetails['sem'])

            # Fill rollno
            rollno_input = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "StRollNo")
            rollno_input.send_keys(rollno)

            # Fill date 
            date_input = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "StDOB")
            date_input.send_keys(dob)

            # Wait for button to appear and click
            view_button = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, "btn-primary"))
            )
            view_button.click()

            # Wait for print button and save the result
            print_button = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//input[@type='button' and @value='Print Result']"))
            )

            if print_button:
                # print(True)
                format_name = name.replace(' ', '_')
                self.save_as_pdf(f"Results/result-{format_name}-{rollno}.pdf")
                print(f"---- Download Result Pdf!! {name} ----")

        except UnexpectedAlertPresentException as e:

            details = f"---- Failed to Get Pdf!! {name} {rollno} {dob} ----"
            print(details)
            print("Error: ", e.alert_text)

            with open('error_logs', 'a') as file:
                file.write(f'{details}\nError: {e.msg}\n\n')

    # Extra functions
    def get_roll_no(self, enrollno):
        try:
            # Open the website
            self.driver.get("https://admission.csjmu.ac.in/Search/SearchRollNumber")

            # Find the input field by ID and enter a value
            enrolment_field = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "EnrolmentNo")
            enrolment_field.send_keys(enrollno)  # Replace with the actual value

            # Find the search button by ID and click it
            search_button = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "btnSearch")
            search_button.click()

            # Wait for results or further actions
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "table.table.table-sm"))
            )

            table = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "table.table.table-sm")
            cells = table.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, "td")

            # The roll number should be in the second cell
            roll_number = cells[0].text

            return roll_number

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
            return None

class AKTUResult(BaseResult):
    def get_all_students(self):
        with open("aktustudents.json", 'r') as file:
            Students = json.load(file)

        for st in Students:
            self.process_student(st['name'], st['rollno'], st['dob'])

    def process_student(self, name, rollno, dob):

        if self.check_result_exist(name, rollno, "AKTUResults"):
            return

        try:
            self.driver.get("https://oneview.aktu.ac.in/WebPages/aktu/OneView.aspx")

            self.roll_input = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'txtRollNo')
            self.roll_input.send_keys(rollno)

            self.submit_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'btnProceed')
            self.submit_btn.click()

            input_dob = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'txtDOB'))
            )

            input_dob.send_keys(dob)

            input_dob.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)

            # self.submit_btn = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
            #     EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'btnSearch'))
            # )
            # self.submit_btn.click()

            # Result Page Open
            # result_page = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
            #     EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'lblRollNo'))
            # )

            # if result_page:
            self.scroll_expand()

            format_name = name.replace(' ', '_')
            self.save_as_pdf(f"AKTUResults/result-{format_name}-{rollno}.pdf")

            print(f"---- Download Result Pdf!! {name} ----")

        except Exception as e:
            details = f"---- Failed to Get Pdf!! {name} {rollno} {dob} ----"

            print(details)
            print("An error occurred: ", e)

            with open('aktu_error_logs', 'a') as file:
                file.write(f'{details}\nError: {e}\n\n')

    def scroll_expand(self):
        self.elements = self.driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, 'headerclass')

        for index, element in enumerate(self.elements):
            try:
                # Scroll the element into view
                self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element)

                # Wait until the element is visible and clickable
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                    EC.visibility_of(element)
                )
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                    EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'headerclass'))
                )

                element.click()

                time.sleep(0.5)

            except Exception as e:
                print(f"An error occurred while clicking element {index+1}: {e}")

if __name__=="__main__":
    result = CSJMUResult()
    result.process_student("MANASVI MISHRA", 22015003575, "05/27/2006")
    result.close()

Relevant log output

It should not throw any error and save pdf successfully

Operating System

Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS

Selenium version

Python (Version: 4.8.3)

What are the browser(s) and version(s) where you see this issue?

Google Chrome 127.0.6533.72

What are the browser driver(s) and version(s) where you see this issue?

ChromeDriver 127.0.6533.72

Are you using Selenium Grid?

Yes - 4.23.0 (revision 77010cd)

[github-actions[bot]]

@SanjaySRocks, thank you for creating this issue. We will troubleshoot it as soon as we can.

---

Info for maintainers

Triage this issue by using labels.

If information is missing, add a helpful comment and then I-issue-template label.

If the issue is a question, add the I-question label.

If the issue is valid but there is no time to troubleshoot it, consider adding the help wanted label.

If the issue requires changes or fixes from an external project (e.g., ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver, MSEdgeDriver, W3C), add the applicable G-* label, and it will provide the correct link and auto-close the issue.

After troubleshooting the issue, please add the R-awaiting answer label.

Thank you!

[pujagani]

Please try using the print command available for all drivers.

Working code example:

    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
        options=options
    )

    print_options = PrintOptions()

    driver.get('https://google.com')

    driver.print_page(print_options=print_options)

    driver.quit()

[pujagani]

"execute_cdp_cmd " - This command is only available in the Chromium driver. Please refer to the following example if you require to use CDP commands

 options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
        options=options
    )

    devtools, connection = driver.start_devtools()

    connection.execute(devtools.page.print_to_pdf())

[github-actions[bot]]

This issue has been automatically locked since there has not been any recent activity since it was closed. Please open a new issue for related bugs.