Shhhhhhhh
commented
8 years ago 第一章 马太效应
Wiki
In sociology, the Matthew effect (or accumulated advantage) is the phenomenon where "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer."
Wiki中文
经济学
马太效应为强者愈强弱者越弱之现象，即是贫者愈贫富者愈富。现实中就是指，只要获得了每一点的成功，就会产生累积优势，使之拥有更大的机会获得更卓越的成就。也是造就了贫富差距的原因之一。
Accumulative Advantage
书里面举了几个来自体育界和教育界的例子。比如在加拿大的少年冰球联赛，他们会以元旦为分界，注册适龄的球员。尽管同样是12岁的选手，1月1日出生的和同年12月31日出生的，实质上相差了整整一年的发育和打球经验。最终，球队中的球员年龄出现了极不平均的分布，一到三月出生的球员占了绝大多数。
总结起来就是这一段：
The sociologist Robert Merton famously called this phenomenon the "Matthew Effect" after the New Testament verse in the Gospel of Matthew: "For unto everyone that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance. But from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath." It is those who are successful, in other words, who are most likely to be given the kinds of special opportunities that lead to further success. It's the rich who get the biggest tax breaks. It's the best students who get the best teaching and most attention. And it's the biggest nine- and ten-year-olds who get the most coaching and practice. Success is the result of what sociologists like to call "accumulative advantage." The professional hockey player starts out a little bit better than his peers. And that little difference leads to an opportunity that makes that difference a bit bigger, and that edge in turn leads to another opportunity, which makes the initially small difference bigger still — and on and on until the hockey player is a genuine outlier. But he didn't start out an outlier. He started out just a little bit better.
我想，其实成年后，在工作中，也是类似的，要和储蓄一样收获复利。太积极的换工作，可能会打破这个良好的、累积的化学反应。
2016.01.18 今天还吃了肯德基。It's finger-licking good!
by Malcolm Gladwell
http://www.amazon.com/Outliers-Story-Success-Malcolm-Gladwell/dp/0316017930