Devised a new interface for allocating/freeing memory

[jeff-cohere]

This PR introduces three functions (some are actually macros):

• TDyAlloc, which allocates memory of a given number of bytes, setting all bytes to zero. This macro replaces calls to malloc, PetscMalloc, PetscMalloc1, PetscCalloc, and PetscCalloc1.
• TDyRealloc, which resizes an existing block of memory efficiently. This replaces calls to realloc and PetscRealloc.
• TDyFree, which frees an allocated block of memory. This replaces calls to free and PetscFree.

With this, we don't have to remember which of the several different functions to call to allocate or free memory. Just call the appropriate one of these three. :-)

Multidimensional Arrays

I've also added some macros to allow us to declare multidimensional arrays that are contiguous in memory, instead of the "jagged" arrays we currently create using the TDyAllocate_IntegerArray_ND functions and friends. We should definitely switch from using our jagged arrays to these contiguous multidimensional arrays, but that should be done in another PR. The macros, each of which declares a variable pointing to a multidimensional array given a slab of memory, are:

• TDY_DECLARE_2D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2)
• TDY_DECLARE_3D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2, dim3)
• TDY_DECLARE_4D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2, dim3, dim4)
• TDY_DECLARE_5D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2, dim3, dim4, dim5)
• TDY_DECLARE_6D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2, dim3, dim4, dim5, dim6)
• TDY_DECLARE_7D_ARRAY(type, array_var, storage, dim1, dim2, dim3, dim4, dim5, dim6, dim7)

Fixes #229

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #233 (43ebbd4) into master (e4a0200) will not change coverage. The diff coverage is n/a.

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  Coverage   51.57%   51.57%           
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  Files           4        4           
  Lines         764      764           
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  Hits          394      394           
  Misses        370      370           

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