Bosonic backend nongaussian

[elib20]

Context: The bosonic backend simulates states as linear combinations of Gaussians in phase space

Description of the Change:

• Adds preparation backend and frontend methods for GKP, cat and Fock states to the bosonic backend
• Adds the run_prog and init_circuit methods to bosonic/backend.py which are the engines for running sf Programs in the bosonic backend
• Adds the bosonic compiler
• Adds tests for these new backend methods

Benefits:

• Simulation of bosonic qubits

Possible Drawbacks:

Related GitHub Issues:

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Merging #541 (1356c90) into master (3bd5318) will increase coverage by 0.04%. The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #541      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   98.15%   98.19%   +0.04%     
==========================================
  Files          75       76       +1     
  Lines        8115     8327     +212     
==========================================
+ Hits         7965     8177     +212     
  Misses        150      150              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
strawberryfields/backends/base.py	88.98% <100.00%> (ø)
...trawberryfields/backends/bosonicbackend/backend.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
strawberryfields/compilers/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
strawberryfields/compilers/bosonic.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
strawberryfields/ops.py	98.88% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	:arrow_up:

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