Add minimal setup for linting Python code

[fredericomba]

This pull requests add the minimum setup for automatically checking if the code is violating some style. Unfortunately, it seems that the Python linters out there do not have a rule for checking if this code style is being used:

def example(chosen_input: int):
  if chosen_input: # wrong, implicit check for non-zero integer
     pass

I've checked the linting rules provided by Ruff, the fastest Python linter out there, and it seems to not have support for this.