Alias docker tags without Keycloak minor/patch version

What this PR does / why we need it:

Currently, the format of Docker tags is <keycloak-config-cli version>-<keycloak library version>, e.g. 6.0.2-22.0.4. Since the Keycloak library is backwards compatible to within the same major version, usually the keycloak-config-cli user will want to use the latest minor/patch version of the Keycloak library, without having to manually update the image tag everytime there is a new release.

For each release, in addition to the existing Docker tags (x.x.x-x.x.x), the updated Actions workflow also tags the Docker image with the format x.x.x-x (e.g. 6.0.2-22, latest-22).

Which issue this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close that issue when PR gets merged): fixes #808

Special notes for your reviewer:

This was originally addressed in #850, but didn't work due to a typo. This PR contains the fix, as well as some improvements.

PR Readiness Checklist:

Complete these before marking the PR as ready to review:

[x] the CHANGELOG.md release notes have been updated to reflect any significant (and particularly user-facing) changes introduced by this PR

adorsys / keycloak-config-cli

Alias docker tags without Keycloak minor/patch version #1069