[CLIENT-3106] aerospike.exception: create a Python dict that maps as_status error codes to Aerospike exception classes to speed up raising exceptions

[juliannguyen4]

Missing test coverage:

• Exception for error code returned by the C client was not found, so use AerospikeError as the default exception

Extra changes:

• Remove unused header file exception_types.h
• in_doubt attribute is now included with all exception classes by default, instead of only when the client raises an AerospikeError
• Fix bug when operate() throws an exception and deletes the "bin" attribute from the exception class
• Only support one aerospike module per interpreter

TODO

• Skipped client/info.c. needs code coverage and code might be wrong

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 71.87500% with 45 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 80.93%. Comparing base (8ff0327) to head (68ba61a). Report is 2 commits behind head on dev.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/main/exception.c	70.19%	31 Missing :warning:
src/main/client/info.c	33.33%	6 Missing :warning:
src/main/query/where.c	0.00%	3 Missing :warning:
src/main/client/sec_index.c	50.00%	2 Missing :warning:
src/main/scan/apply.c	0.00%	2 Missing :warning:
src/main/client/batch_get_ops.c	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## dev #663 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 80.89% 80.93% +0.04% ========================================== Files 100 100 Lines 15053 14893 -160 ========================================== - Hits 12177 12054 -123 + Misses 2876 2839 -37 ``` | [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/aerospike/aerospike-client-python/pull/663/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=aerospike) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [](https://app.codecov.io/gh/aerospike/aerospike-client-python/pull/663/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=aerospike) | `80.93% <71.87%> (+0.04%)` | :arrow_up: | Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=aerospike#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more.

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