Literature Review

[kaedonkers]

Tasks to do for the literature review:

• Initial literature search
• Review literature
• ...

[kaedonkers]

Paper which the project is based on: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678208/

[aleonedecastris]

Berde, E. and Tőkés, L. (2021) 'Employment and happiness of the older people in Romania and the Visegrád countries: analysis of the European Quality Of Life Surveys', Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldiş, Arad - Seria Ştiinţe Economice, 31(2), 80-97.](https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=948291)

Riva, E., Lucchini, M. and Marcello, R. (2018) 'Societal gender inequality as moderator of the relationship between work–life fit and subjective well-being: a multilevel analysis across European countries', Social Indicators Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1986-0.](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1986-0)

[mariyam-khan]

Visegrád-4 Hungary Czech Republic
Poland Slovak Republic

[aleonedecastris]

existing findings:

• There are social inequalities in health in various European countries
• Social inequalities in self-reported health have been found for both men and women across Europe.
• Selections of mediators covering material, occupational, and psychosocial aspects were able to explain these inequalities by 100% and 78% respectively for men and women.
• The strongest mediators were those related to material deprivation, financial problems, social exclusion, and various working conditions underlying the importance of material and occupational factors.
• Some specific mediators were found according to gender.
• Preventive actions focusing on these mediators may contribute to reduce social inequalities in health.

[mariyam-khan]

Summary : EMPLOYMENT AND HAPPINESS OF THE OLDER PEOPLE IN ROMANIA AND THE VISEGRÁD COUNTRIES: ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN QUALITY OF LIFE SURVEYS

European Quality of Life Surveys : 2003-2016 every 4 years:

Aim: Examining the life quality of European citizens in many dimensions.

Survey conducted in private households, and conducted via personal interviews (in some countries via phone).

Results are collected in hundreds of variables that can be categorized into three main groups: objective life circumstances, the surveyed person‘s feelings about his/her own circumstances, and subjective life circumstances.

Questions in survey : Questions are focusing on several aspects of life: labor market activity, household income, education, housing circumstances, family details, health and education, work-life balance, subjective welfare and happiness, life satisfaction, etc.

Four waves of the survey have been carried out so far: Wave 1: In the year 2003, for the member countries of the European Union (in 2012) and Turkey. About 26,000 persons were interviewed.

Wave 2: In the year 2007, for the member countries of the European Union (in 2020) and Turkey, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, and Norway. About 35,000 persons were interviewed.

Wave 3: In the year 2011, for the member countries of the European Union (in 2020) and Turkey, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Iceland, Montenegro, Serbia, and Kosovo. About 43,500 persons were interviewed.

Wave 4: In the year 2016, for the member countries of the European Union (in 2020) and Turkey, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Albania. About 37,000 persons were interviewed.

In this analysis, we use the data of Romania, and the Visegrád-4 countries, i.e. Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, and the Slovak Republic.

[kaedonkers]

Riva et al, 2019, Societal Gender Inequality as Moderator of the Relationship Between Work–Life Fit and Subjective Well‑Being: A Multilevel Analysis Across European Countries, Social Indicators Research

• Main question: Relationship between perceived work–life fit and subjective well-being
  • "we also examine whether societal gender inequality, measured with the Gender Equality Index, moderates the relationship differently for men and women"
• Sample size = 15,835 people
• Broad results:
  • perceived work–life fit is associated with greater subjective well-being
  • higher levels of gender inequality at country level result in a weaker relationship between perceived work–life fit and subjective well-being
• Discussion:
  • Based on the capability and agency framework, a plausible explanation for these findings is that when gender inequality is acute perceived work–life fit may not be a key determinant of subjective well-being; for both men and women the control over material resources may matter more for subjective well-being than the possibility of combining work with engagement in other life domains.
• Measures:
  • Subjective Well‐Being
  • composite measure of well-being: evaluative well-being, eudaimonic and hedonic well-being) -- see Table 1 (based on multiple survey questions)
  • Perceived Work–Life Fit
  • survey question: “In general, do your working hours fit in with your family or social commitments outside work?”
  • survey responses: 0=not very well/not at all well and 1 = very well/fairly well