Language spec & Grammar

[bencinn]

This is really not that done but enough to start writing parser and analyzer.

Kapu is meant to be explicit for speed, mean there should be not that magic happening?

Grammar:

• [x] variables
• [ ] types
• [x] return
• [x] function
• control flow
  • [ ] if-else
  • [ ] for/while
• [x] coffee
• [x] string
• [ ] operation
  • factorial
  • mod
  • (de)reference
  • as type
• [x] path
• [x] import

Lexer + Parser:

• [ ] variables (mutable, immutable (default), type infer)
• [ ] types (default types, enumerator, type parameters , overload?) (https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/16392 this is a great example I think)
  • [ ] default types
  • i8, i16, i32, i64
  • u8, u16, u32, u64
  • char is u8
  • string is &u8 end with '\0'
  • &t (pointer to t)
    • use *t to de-reference t
    • If de-reference null pointer, default to unclean crash, choose clean cache by changing the allocator.
    • You can arithmetic with pointers
  • t<x, y> (t with parameter x, y) (parameter of types should be type themselves)
  • t::a (enumerator t of type a)
    • enumerator types can have parameter/value like t::b(c<d>) or something like that
• [ ] functions (function, function pointers, coffee attributes (@safe @unsafe, ...), variadic parameters)
  • [ ] blocks (@safe @unsafe blocks, @_internal blocks)
• [ ] coffee
  • internal
  • [ ] @_c_call (for use in @_internal blocks only)
  • [ ] @_w_off (use to turn specific warnings off, not recommended) (internal because you should be able to turn warnings off in flags)
  • [ ] @_internal (for compiler libraries only)
  • normal
  • [ ] @import_ffi (for c interface/ffi)
  • [ ] @safe
  • [ ] @unsafe
  • [ ] @export_wasm
  • attributes
• [ ] importing (import aa::bb::cc::{d, e};) and the :: syntax for path

[bencinn]

We should write the grammar in EBNF i think.

[bencinn]

https://github.com/amained/kapuc/blob/b1e94e0d2c90ea014450c413b857f3de2d0b3165/src/kapuc/lex.c#L41 It seems that the lexer is different from the grammar. Remove let, change grammar to have const.