Implement heartbeats for Python

[unflxw]

Store global client and expose its config

Store the last (hopefully only) initialised client in a global variable, and expose its config as a class method on the Client class.

Implement AppSignal transmitter

Implement a transmitter module similar to the ones in other integrations, which handles the sending of requests with the usual AppSignal identifying params.

Remove empty TYPE_CHECKING block

Probably a leftover from some typing refactor.

Implement heartbeats for Python

Implement the heartbeats functionality for Python, similarly to how it was implemented for Ruby, Elixir and Node.js.

Due to limitations on how with blocks are implemented, which make it impossible for a function to behave in different ways when called "by itself" and when called by a with block, it is possible to call it in the following ways:

• heartbeat(name), which sends a finish heartbeat event
• heartbeat(name, function), which sends:
  • a start heartbeat event
  • a finish heartbeat event, if the function does not raise
• as a with Heartbeat(name): block (note: H not h!) which sends:
  • a start heartbeat event
  • a finish heartbeat event, if the with block does not raise

Add a LOGGING_ENDPOINT configuration variable to configure the logging endpoint, which is also the endpoint to which heartbeats are sent. This is a bit bizarre, as Python does not support the logging feature yet, but it is consistent with our other integrations.

[unflxw]

Ended up changing the design significantly, please re-review. I feel that heartbeat_with_context was not a good name -- it was borrowed from send_error_with_context, but "with context" in that function means "with this context for the error", not "by using a with context block".

I feel that the current design, where the Heartbeat class implements the with context manager protocol, and heartbeat can optionally be called with a function (in a way, doing both the Ruby API design and the Elixir/Node.js API design) is a lot clearer, and likely to be a better fit to most use-cases.

Also fixed some major issues with the implementation.

[backlog-helper[bot]]

• This Pull Request needs more reviews. @luismiramirez @tombruijn - (More info)

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