jierdin commented 6 years ago

Etherize.It

An Interface between the Real 🌎 and 🌐 Virtual Worlds

Aragon Nest Proposal #48: DAOs and the interaction with the physical world

Abstract

Decentralized organizations are capable of coordinating behavior and resources globally, but face many challenges when interacting with the 'real' world.

How can decentralized entities leverage existing legal systems, rather than fear them?

This proposal offers ways for legal and decentralized entities to connect; e.g. executing legal contracts after tokenholders have voted accordingly.

It will allow decentralized organizations to become hybrid entities, by tying their tokens to a corporation's stock certificates, unlocking new potentials while likely shielding participants from personal liability.

Furthermore it will allow decentralized organizations to appoint managers, who are able to execute both legal and smart contracts on behalf of the organization.

By paving the way for hybrid organizations and their agents, we can sprout etheric cooperatives capable of challenging the mightiest of leviathans.

Deliverables

The Bridge is made of etheric🦄, Aragon🦅, and legal⚖ code.

Tools for universally linking entities
- Permission sets for regulating interactions between entities
Code for creating and managing legal entities
Extensible template contracts and operating agreements (OpenLaw)

While this proposal is designed with Aragon🦅, Ethereum🦄, and Wyoming🌄 in mind, universality is a priority. For more details, see Roadmap.

![The Portal](http://aitheric.com/images/portal-s.jpg "The Portal between the Real and Virtual")

Background

There have always been ways to connect the real and virtual worlds. As anyone seeking to convert crypto to cash can tell you, there is often a great deal of energy wasted in the exchange.

While dealing with decentralized organizations today comes with encumbrance, many of us feel that once these interactions flow with grace, all the Decentralization! hype may finally be worth it.

We can reduce the energy wasted going back and forth between these two worlds, by building a bridge through an apporpriate portal.

In a place that many believe is fiction, just such a portal between the virtual and real worlds has been opening up.

This proposal calls for the construction of a bridge, so that entities can reliably traverse through this portal; so that it does not take an inordinate amount of effort for legal and decentralized entities to deal with one another.

The bridge will be anchored in Wyoming and Aragon, which will act as gateways to the 'real' and 'virtual' worlds, much like the Portuguese trading ports once did in Japan. We have an opportunity for cross pollination if trust can be built between these communities.

Other portals will surely be opening through progressive legislation, and the tools developed during this project will be easily repurposed for bridging other jurisdictions.

Interactions between legal and decentralized entities can be made regular. Exotic hybrids, like DAO/LLCs, can be made commonplace. The real and virtual worlds can be made into one, enabling cooperation at an inconceivable scale.

WHYoming?

The State of Wyoming recognizes cryptocurrency as untaxed property*, holds cryptotokens as potentially equivalent to stock certificates*, and permits humans to control legal entities by signing statements with their public key*.

Prospective legislation would create a sandbox for fintech startups*, create a state-chartered bank* for providing fiat services to crypto projects, and pressure the Secretary of State to open its API by 2020.

All of this legislation has made Wyoming an ideal place for building a bridge between the virtual and real worlds. A more detailed analysis is provided here.

Proof-of-Concept

'Etherize.It' concept was first developed during the Wyoming Hackathon. It was selected as the winner of the Consensys prize.

A proof-of-concept for DAO<->LLC interaction by Ross Campbell, using Aragon and OpenLaw, can be found here.

Grant size

$75k in ETH or DAI $35k up front for dedicated team member salaries; $40k over deliverables

$25k in ANT Bonus for completion of project, of which $5k will be used to incentivize the first 50 hybrid entity registrations

Roadmap

Blueprints for building the Bridge.

Timeline

Project's timeline estimated at eight months ($9k~/month)

Team

One full time product manager, three part time members, three reserve developers, and external legal consultants.

Full Roster

Legal Structure

The team will 'dogfood' the hybrid entity creation process by incorporating a Series LLC in Wyoming that is managed by a Multisig Aragon DAO. Step-by-step tutorials for replicating the hybridization process will be published as part of this proposal.

The Series LLC, 'Sprout', will create child LLCs with obligations to participate in a wealth sharing network. One of Sprout's child LLCs, EtherizeIt, will offer hybrid entity creation and management services.

Etherize.It: 🖹 + 🦄 = 💎

While distributed network/legal corporation hybrid entities 💻🤝⚖ have been possible for years, a number of hurdles have blocked the path towards proliferation🚫🦄. That time is ending🔜⌛.

While many can feel the oncoming wave of decentralization, few have been able to reap the seeds that have been sown. Etherize.It seeks to change that, by aggregating services into one user-friendly hub.

The cornerstone of this platform is the creation and maintenance of hybrid entities: organizational structures with legal and distributed aspects.
Additional services and expansions to crypto-friendly jurisdictions will be added following the completion of this project.
Etherize.It will be open-source and developed using Lorikeet so that a maximal amount of its code can be reused by Aragon developers in future client releases.

Open Source/For Profit Disclosure

All code pertaining to this proposal and 'Etherize.It' more broadly will be open source. All Aragon functions will be made available at gas cost on Etherize.It in perpetuity. Additional functionalities, such as LLC incorporation and fiat to gas conversion, will likely be subject to additional charges.

By the project's completion, as much functionality as possible will be made available irrespective of platform. E.g., supplying the user with Ethereum bytecode so that they may notarize a document without relying upon Etherize.It/MetaMask, or to declare their DAO's linkage to an LLC, even if that DAO is not created using Aragon.

Other Disclosures

Personal Liability: Although designating a DAO or DAO tokenholders as owners of an LLC is believed by the authors of this proposal to shield participants from personal liability, this remains uncertain until legal precedents are set.

Financial Services: Streamlined DAO access to banking services is dependent upon the state-chartered bank legislation being passed. Fully pseudonymous access to US banking services remains unlikely.

Portal art is from Beeple

CLAassistant commented 6 years ago

All committers have signed the CLA.

mariapao commented 6 years ago

HI @jierdin thank you for submitting your application. After reviewing it, we have the following questions/comments:

Can you explain a bit more in detail this deliverable: "Memorandum of understanding: jurisdictional bridge". Who are the parties to that agreement and what is the purpose of it?
Can you explain what you mean by: "Manual Registration: linking Aragon DAOs and Wyoming LLCs is possible" Can you give details in what that link is about? and also same comment for "Automated Registration: LLCs and DAOs can be linked from Aragon interface (with minimal external steps)"? Can you show us how you are planing to do this?
Can you explain more in detail what the hybrid entity is? "Creation of first Aragon DAO/Wyoming LLC hybrid entity" what is the design of it? is it going to be part smart contracts part human readable agreements? Also, same comment for "LLC/DAOs hybrids can be managed from Aragon UI" Can you show us how you are planing to do this?
"Meme Cache (creating a shared culture for Wyoming & Aragon)" Can you explain in detail what are you referring to here?
Do you have a PoC that we could see? Maybe this will help us understand the deliverables referred above a bit better. We also need to have a way to assess if the team is going to be able to deliver. We can't based such assessment only on ideas.
For us the interesting part about this application is having a template to create entities on Aragon according to the Wyoming legislation. Is this even possible yet? In Wyoming, can you incorporate a company on an open blockchain? We are less interested about having a whitepaper about this.

jierdin commented 6 years ago

Happy to answer your questions - I didn’t want to “wall of text” you, but you’ve asked for it… :)

Can you explain a bit more in detail this deliverable: "Memorandum of understanding: jurisdictional bridge". Who are the parties to that agreement and what is the purpose of it?

The Memorandum of Understanding is the minimum we are certain we can accomplish with our lobbying efforts. The memo’s signatories would include the Wyoming Blockchain Legislative Task Force, the Wyoming Blockchain Coalition and Wyoming officials (e.g., Legislative Services Office, Secretary of State, Governor, State Legislators ).

The memo would provide clarification on two bills (HB70 + HB101) that were passed earlier this year in Wyoming. One allows for a corporation’s records to be stored electronically and the other defines utility tokens. The memo would legitimize organizations that store their founding documents on blockchains. It would define key terms for the state, banks, and accountants, making it more clear what a DAO is and how DAOs, governments, and corporations can be connected and work together.

The optimal outcome of our lobbying efforts, however, is to draft a new bill explicitly for linking DAOs and corporations. This would insure that Aragon’s DAOs are able to fully and directly interact with banks and the state. This is more of a longshot that the aforementioned efforts, but we believe that such a bill could be included in the next legislative session as part of the Wyoming Blockchain Coalition’s bundle of bills.
Can you explain what you mean by: "Manual Registration: linking Aragon DAOs and Wyoming LLCs is possible" Can you give details in what that link is about? and also same comment for "Automated Registration: LLCs and DAOs can be linked from Aragon interface (with minimal external steps)"? Can you show us how you are planning to do this?

Presently, when people incorporate in Wyoming, they pay $100-200 for a “registered agent” to file registration paperwork with the State, as well as to receive and forward mail for the entity.

Our primary plan is to expand Aragon’s codebase to allow DAO owners to directly create and link legal entities through Wyoming's API.

Our backup plan is to use the Series LLC law. Aragon One could create a Series LLC that in turn creates child LLCs for any Aragon DAO that successfully applies for one. Each Series LLC can have 10,000 child LLCs. These child LLCs do not share liabilities with each other, or its parent.

When “manual registration” is complete, Aragonians can create new Wyoming entities or link their DAO to an existing Wyoming entity. However, there may be external steps necessary to complete the action. These steps can be performed by our “registered agent”/accountant partners at Blockchain LLC & Dapcpa. Included in this milestone is a generator of human-readable constitutions suitable for DAO integration. Moreover, an Aragon DAO can signify its linkage to a Wyoming entity on-chain. However, there may be external steps to complete the linkage, e.g. paying an agent via an external link to complete and file paperwork.

With “automatic registration”, these external steps are reduced. Ideally, Aragon’s UI will call Wyoming’s API to create and link entities, minimizing reliance upon middlemen. The degree of this automation is in part dependent upon further development of Wyoming’s API, and thus represents some external risk. Lobbying efforts are already working towards opening up the API, which would permit paperless registration, in turn facilitating integration with Aragon. We can not guarantee complete automation (e.g., being able to pay Ether to the State of Wyoming to register an LLC that is linked to the DAO from the start), but we can streamline the process so much that practically all of the key functionality can be performed from the Aragon UI. For instance, registration fees could be paid in Ether to the partner firms to act as the “registered agents”, who also complete any necessary paperwork.
Can you explain more in detail what the hybrid entity is? "Creation of first Aragon DAO/Wyoming LLC hybrid entity" what is the design of it? is it going to be part smart contracts part human readable agreements? Also, same comment for "LLC/DAOs hybrids can be managed from Aragon UI" Can you show us how you are planning to do this?

The hybrid entity is the first instance of linking between an Aragon DAO and a Wyoming legal entity. The hybrid entity will consist of both Aragonian smart contracts as well as a human readable constitution.

This will be “dogfooding”, to document the steps necessary for creating the linkage and then using it; e.g. securing a U.S. bank account.
This hybrid’s creation could be promoted to draw awareness to the unique opportunity for others to create similar hybrids, ideally created soon after Aragon’s switch to the mainnet.
Lastly, this first hybrid will provide a target for federal regulators. If the legality of this hybrid is challenged, the Wyoming Blockchain Coalition is ready to support the legal battle to insure that decentralization prevails.

"Meme Cache (creating a shared culture for Wyoming & Aragon)" Can you explain in detail what are you referring to here? We would like to incentivize artists of all types to create media commemorating and explaining the importance of this bridge between the ‘etheric’ and ‘physical’ worlds. We would be willing to move $10k worth of ANT from our completion bonus towards the prize pool for this contest. There are multiple goals here:

Make Aragonians aware of this opportunity to bridge their DAOs to Wyoming
Provide Wyomingites with content that sparks their imagination, making “the bridge” tangible and exciting rather than confusing and inaccessible
Develop a shared culture/lexicon between the two societies
Create awareness for “the bridge” in the greater crypto-community through the contest and publicizing its winners

Examples of content:

A short story about the creation of a hybrid entity that then goes on to disrupt seemingly entrenched corporations, beating corporations at their own game.
a painting of a portal opening up to the Etheric world in the foreground, with Wyoming’s majestic lakes and mountains in the background. Or
A 3d printed rendition of this magical bridge between the physical and virtual worlds.

Do you have a PoC that we could see? Maybe this will help us understand the deliverables referred above a bit better. We also need to have a way to assess if the team is going to be able to deliver. We can't based such assessment only on ideas.

This is a complex problem, and the code delivered will be dependent upon our lobbying and research efforts. Thus, a proof-of-concept does not seem feasible, but there are ways in which we can illustrate our proposal. If you would like, we can generate a

Regarding our technical capabilities to create this bridge…

Jose Aguinaga will be our tech lead and is amply qualified to deliver this project. Some members of Aragon are already familiar with him.
Eliott Teissionniere has already made contributions to Aragon’s codebase.
Amin Rafi was the primary front-end developer for BitNation for over two years.
Tristan just designed/wrote this page for Transcendence Research Collective

Regarding our lobbying efforts, we can get letters of recommendations on the feasibility of this effort and subsequent bill sponsorship from David Pope, Caitlin Long and Tyler Lindholm who have been spearheading this Wyoming legislative taskforce and the Blockchain Coalition.

For us the interesting part about this application is having a template to create entities on Aragon according to the Wyoming legislation. Is this even possible yet? In Wyoming, can you incorporate a company on an open blockchain? We are less interested about having a whitepaper about this.

We agree that having an interface to generate constitutions for LLCs, non-profits, etc is a crucial part of this proposal.

In theory, yes, it should be possible to create DAOs that are recognized by Wyoming. As mentioned previously, Wyoming has passed a bill allowing for a corporation to store its founding documents electronically. However, this has not be ‘tested’ yet, and we expect there may be push back from federal regulators. This is part of the process, however: to draw the regulators into a trap and then prove the legitimacy of these hybrid entities through Wyoming’s friendly courts. The memorandum of understanding's purpose is to signify that ALL of these actors are already on the same page, making it more difficult for regulators to block progress. Even if we are not able to ‘directly’ tie together Aragon and the State of Wyoming, our backup plan is still valid; it just relies upon intermediaries. Wework through an intermediary ‘Series LLC’ that would grant applicant DAOs a child LLC, giving them the same benefits.

mariapao commented 6 years ago

HI @jierdin thank you for providing the additional info.

If understand correctly the memo will be a non-biding agreement between private parties (your team included) and the Wyoming legislators with the purpose of (i) clarifying the mentioned bills and its consequences/implications, (ii) agreeing on the understanding of DAOs and how they can interact with governments and corporations and (iii) approving the incorporation of legal entities on an open blockchain?

I think the third point above is the most interesting and realistic. As much as we would love to have DAOs somehow "recognized" by jurisdictions this is going to take a bit of time. Such corporation (an LLC) could interact on behalf of the DAO in the physical world. I don't thin k we need regulator's approval for the link between the relevant DAO and the corporation. However, this will depend on a lot of things such as how that relationship between DAO and corporation is, the corporate purpose of the corporation and so on. I'm not an expert in Wyoming law.

The manual link, if I understand correctly, is just each project having to incorporate and register an LLC in Wyoming and pay the relevant fees and do the paperwork, etc? You can't do anything else unless there is a new law accepting the incorporation of companies on the open blockchain and a working Wyoming's API?

"Our backup plan is to use the Series LLC law. Aragon One could create a Series LLC that in turn creates child LLCs for any Aragon DAO that successfully applies for one. Each Series LLC can have 10,000 child LLCs. These child LLCs do not share liabilities with each other, or its parent. When “manual registration” is complete, Aragonians can create new Wyoming entities or link their DAO to an existing Wyoming entity. However, there may be external steps necessary to complete the action. These steps can be performed by our “registered agent”/accountant partners at Blockchain LLC & Dapcpa."

Can you expand on this backup plan. How this solution would look like? what is the scope of work here? I think we are going to need a paper where you guys can explain more in detail everything. It's a bit hard to put all the pieces together and have a clear picture of the solution in mind.

You said: " there are ways in which we can illustrate our proposal. If you would like, we can generate a...." I think you forgot to complete this phrase?

"Moreover, an Aragon DAO can signify its linkage to a Wyoming entity on-chain. However, there may be external steps to complete the linkage, e.g. paying an agent via an external link to complete and file paperwork."

I get confused when you say "an Aragon DAO can signify its linkage to a Wyoming entity on-chain" what does this mean? connecting a DAO to a blockchain-based legal entity? In any case, we don't need new laws for this, no?

I think the hybrid entity is just a corporation run on the blockchain.
Regarding the PoC, we understand. Actually it feels that there is a big dependency in this project. We feel like it's not in the hands of the team to start building the solution but in the hands of the Wyoming legislators/regulators. Therefore, wouldn't be better to just see how everything evolves with the legislators/regulators and then move forward with the application?

jierdin commented 6 years ago

The manual link, if I understand correctly, is just each project having to incorporate and register an LLC in Wyoming and pay the relevant fees and do the paperwork, etc? You can't do anything else unless there is a new law accepting the incorporation of companies on the open blockchain and a working Wyoming's API?

This law to permit corporations to store their records electronically has already been passed. It may take some trailblazing to make this viable, e.g., developing protocols with Wyoming's Department of State, but there is a legal mandate for them to recognize virtual organizations:

From HB0101: " authorizing corporations to use electronic networks or databases for the creation or maintenance of corporate records; authorizing the use of a data address to identify a corporation's shareholder; authorizing corporations to accept shareholder votes if signed by a network signature that corresponds to a data address; specifying requirements for use of electronic networks or databases; requiring the secretary of state to review its rules for consistency with this act;"

As you can see from the excerpt above, the foundation for this bridge has already been passed.

As much as we would love to have DAOs somehow "recognized" by jurisdictions this is going to take a bit of time. Such corporation (an LLC) could interact on behalf of the DAO in the physical world. I don't thin k we need regulator's approval for the link between the relevant DAO and the corporation.

We already have a sponsor willing to amend an existing Wyoming bill to provide a legal definition of a DAO (clarifying Bill 0101). Our experts (Tom, O'Shane) can help us draft this paragraph before passing it to you for final approval. However, even if the State recognizes a DAO as it does a legal entity, there will still be other hurdles. For instance, forcing banks to grant DAOs bank accounts may require extra legislation.

So, while our primary plan is to work through these hurdles, you are correct in stating that we do not need a regulator's approval for linking an LLC to a DAO. We can streamline this process, so that people need not pay ~$150 to make their own LLC, etc, and instead are granted a child-LLC from Aragon's parent LLC. My main concern with this approach is that it requires Aragon to be an intermediary; the process is not 'unstoppable'. But this oversight may be for the best while these novel hybrids are first "released into the wild": a child LLC could be terminated if its corresponding DAO was found to a bad actor.

"Our backup plan is to use the Series LLC law" Can you expand on this backup plan. How this solution would look like? what is the scope of work here? I think we are going to need a paper where you guys can explain more in detail everything. It's a bit hard to put all the pieces together and have a clear picture of the solution in mind.

In this backup plan, a DAO would apply to Aragon for a sub-LLC. After approval, an amendment is made to the parent LLC, which creates the sub-LLC. The DAO would then be able to use the sub-LLC as its own. Presently, this requires the completion of paperwork, but there is already pressure mounting to open up the API to automate this amendment process.

I get confused when you say "an Aragon DAO can signify its linkage to a Wyoming entity on-chain" what does this mean? connecting a DAO to a blockchain-based legal entity? In any case, we need new laws for this, no?

For Hybrids, the legal entity should point to the DAO, and the DAO should point to the legal entity. This latter case could be a signed note added to the Ethereum chain mentioning that "DAO Z" recognizes legal entity, of name X, and EIN # Y, as being connected to DAO Z. This bi-directional linkage is necessary so that way people do not fraudulently make legal entities that claim to be part of a DAO Z.

Going the other direction, a legal entity's constitution might say that it respects the votes of DAO Z, located at Address W on the Ethereum chain.

Regarding the PoC, we understand. Actually it feels that there is a big dependency in this project. We feel like it's not in the hands of the team too start building the solution but in the hands of the Wyoming legislators/regulators. Therefore, wouldn't be better to just see how everything evolves with the legislators/regulators and then move forward with the application?

On the contrary, most of the groundwork has already been completed, and now it is time for figure out how to actually turn the legislation into reality. This is something that hasn't been done before, and while there may be difficulties in finding the optimal path, waiting any longer will simply pass the opportunity to other projects and jurisdictions. That being said, timing this project's completion to coincide with Aragon's shift to Ethereum's mainnet does make sense.

I will develop some mockups and add to the Google document included in the proposal to better illustrate our proposal. Will comment on this thread when those are complete.

If, after reading through the legislation, you are still feel like we are too early, we are happy to provide a signed letter from Wyoming political/fintech leaders stating that they are ready for DAOs.

mariapao commented 6 years ago

Hi @jierdin!

Regarding the MOU, can you confirm my understanding described above?
Regarding the new bill accepting the incorporation of companies on the open blockchain, if what you mention is the case then great!
We are curious about the definition of DAOs. Definitions sometimes can do more hard than good. The approach shouldn't be to try to fit these new organizations, that are just starting to come out, into the traditional legal system box
Regarding the cost of having an LLC, although costs are important we are not concerned with that at the moment. The important part first is to have a solution for DAOs to be able to interact with the physical world. Your concern is on point. We are not looking at becoming intermediaries. This shouldn't be the approach. When you say: "But this oversight may be for the best while these novel hybrids are first "released into the wild": a child LLC could be terminated if its corresponding DAO was found to a bad actor." Do you mean Aragon would terminate the corresponding DAO? This goes against everything we are working for.

Btw, have you guys seen this It might help you

Regarding the PoC, if most of the groundwork has already been completed then we would like to see a PoC and any mockups and papers. As I said, it's been a bit difficult to put all the pieces of the solution together to have a clear understanding.
Mainnet is number 1 priority this year but we prefer not to give specific dates.

jierdin commented 6 years ago

Hola,

Yes, your description of the Memo of Understanding is accurate. It is non-binding agreement, but it should A) provide a translation for HB0101 for accountants/officials who would otherwise struggle with the bill B) signify a shared consensus; useful in case a DAO's rights are challenged in court
Agreed. We envision this DAO definition amendment formally tying together the other definitions provided in HB0101, yet open ended
Agreed, having Aragon be an intermediary would defeat the purpose of 'unstoppable' organizations. Offering 'Collateralized DAO Proxy Services', as Duncan put it, is an excellent solution for DAOs who only need partial or temporary access to the benefits of a hybrid DAO/legal entity.

We will put together a proof of concept (more visual than functional for now), modify the milestones in our proposal to be more clear, and expand the google doc to include the key points brought up from this dialogue.

mariapao commented 6 years ago

@jierdin we look forward to seeing the PoC, we need to see some code to be able to assess if the team will deliver or not. And no worries we understand things can change as projects evolve so if needed you will be able to move away from the initial design/archetecture showed in the PoC. For us the PoC is not only important for understanding better the design and approach of the project but also for assessing whether the team will be able to deliver.

mariapao commented 5 years ago

Hi @jierdin we reviewed the PoC which is pretty simply. It is the code for the notarisation of the registration of the LLC. Also we reviewed the revised roadmap.

If I understand correctly the product that you will be building is a website through which you will offer guidelines for incorporating LLCs according to the Wyoming law, operating agreements (constitutions for such LLCs. I imagine these are templates on PDFs) and linkages (ethereum code) to register and notarize the register of such entity before the Wyoming company registry.

You are not going to use aragonOS. You will use Aragon UI for the website. I'm trying to understand why a website is better than building a kit on Aragon for creating LLCs according to the Wyoming? If I remember correctly, you said HB0101 already allows the incorporation of corporation on an open blockchain.

0xjjpa commented 5 years ago

Hi @mariapao , just as a side comment, could you point us to existing repositories and example of other DAOs that had been created using as Kits using Aragon CLI? Any successful stories and code samples are extremely helpful.

jierdin commented 5 years ago

Have submitted a revised roadmap (1.2) to address these concerns. You were right in detecting some ambiguity... the Proof-of-Concept was only using Aragon's UI package. But in the roadmap "incorporated in Aragon's UI" was meant to mean the project would be incorporated into the Aragon platform (using both AragonOS and Aragon.JS)

My original thought was to use just Aragon's UI for Milestone 1, and then fully integrate the functions with other Aragon code in Milestone 2 (AragonOS). However, utilizing the other Aragon packages earlier than later makes more sense... I have updated the roadmap to reflect this: that the constitution generator and linkage generator will be relying upon AragonOS from the start.

My decision earlier was based on the feeling that these two tools, enough to make an LLC owned by a DAO in Wyoming, should be available to anyone, regardless if they are Aragon DAO owners. However, "Why not both?" applies here. These two tools - generating constitutions and linkage statements - will bring more people from the crypto-verse into contact with Aragon's eco-system. Onboarding these potential Aragonians gracefully is a priority in this proposal.

At the same time, the permission system of Aragon will allow enough refinement to prevent users from creating an LLC on behalf of their DAO without the proper authorization.

jierdin commented 5 years ago

Dave and I heard that the Zug uPort identity initiative has seen less than several hundred citizens use it... We believe that a more appropriate entry point may be state clerks, notaries, registered agents... who are already professionally engaged with making attestations. These users could be entry points for more 'casual' users into the etheric systems. We spoke with a group of clerks from Wyoming's capital. After that meeting, I feel like I should rename the 'link generator' component of the proposal. Claims and links are fairly synonymous here, but I feel like claims generator is a more robust definition . Aside from just asserting linkages like ownership between LLCs and blockchain addresses, the 'claim generator' could be used to make claims over ownership for identities and vehicles that are in turn validated by trusted agents with their own signature, such as a county clerk. Meanwhile, A registered agent could attest about the update of an operating agreement, cutting out the need for a clerk to validate the change. A healthy eco-system of verifiable claims seems a prudent way to mitigate the dangers of sybil attacks and other such vectors.

It has really been mind blowing to speak to so many people in positions of authority with the State of Wyoming who are eager to try out decentralized processes. It seems that each gov department will have its own mini-revolution, by which it recognizes and adjusts to the changes of self-sovereignty. Dave and I are helping these clerks in Laramie with the process now, who will in turn pass it to the state's other clerks.

So while LEGALLY a DAO can control an LLC in Wyoming, this still has to be tried and tested in each department. Clerks, judges, corporate lawyers, bankers, expert witnesses who can read distributed ledgers... each is a community that needs to gain the knowledge to be able to interact reliably with a DAO. A large part of the Bridge proposal is setting that precedent in each department/community with a friendly face as we build our own hybrid DAO/sLLC.

mariapao commented 5 years ago

Hi @jierdin and @jjperezaguinaga We will review the revised roadmap and give you feedback. Also, @jjperezaguinaga has requested some ode samples on kits. Right now we have 3 fully working DAO kits: democracy, multisig and survey, which you can see here: https://github.com/aragon/dao-kits/tree/master/kits/beta https://github.com/aragon/dao-kits/tree/master/kits/survey

There will be more kits like the Aragon TCR implementation. Also, several Nest projects are going to use kits too. DAO kits (a.k.a. templates) are our way to make reusability and deployment easy for users. We are even considering to integrate them seamlessly in the Aragon app center, as you ca see in this discussion: https://research.aragon.org/t/should-templates-be-apps/225/2