Upon charging completion, battery is in `ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage` state.

According to the docs describing the charging state, the final charging state should be END_OF_CHARGE or DONE.

https://github.com/arduino-libraries/Arduino_PowerManagement/blob/7ba266c0649e12f40eff3ec5145b2ef37d7ac1fb/docs/README.md?plain=1#L62-L75

However, when charging is completed to the set voltage, getState() returns ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage.

fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.22 V
fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.23 V
Charging complete.
Final Charger Status: fast-charge constant voltage
Final Battery Voltage: 4.22 V

This occurs on both the Portenta C33 as well as the Portenta H7.

Portenta H7 Sketch

``` /** * Test Scenario ID : TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02 * * This sketch demonstrates the three charging states that can be applied to a battery. It does this by reading the voltage, * and then setting the charging voltage to be 2 steps (2*0.02V) above the battery voltage. * * Test Case IDs : * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-Initialize -> Initialize the PMIC * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ReadBattery -> Read battery voltage and set charging voltage * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters -> Set charging parameters * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus -> Switch status to done when charging complete * * NOTE: The battery voltage must be under 4.1V for the charging to start * * * Initial author: Ali Jahangiri @aliphys */ #include "Arduino_PowerManagement.h" /* #include #include #include */ const char testScenarioID[] = "TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02"; Battery battery; Charger charger; /* std::array VoltListArray = { "V_3_50", "V_3_52", "V_3_54", "V_3_56", "V_3_58", "V_3_60", "V_3_62", "V_3_64", "V_3_66", "V_3_68", "V_3_70", "V_3_72", "V_3_74", "V_3_76", "V_3_78", "V_3_80", "V_3_82", "V_3_84", "V_3_86", "V_3_88", "V_3_90", "V_3_92", "V_3_94", "V_3_96", "V_3_98", "V_4_00", "V_4_02", "V_4_04", "V_4_06", "V_4_08", "V_4_10", "V_4_12", "V_4_14", "V_4_16", "V_4_18", "V_4_20", "V_4_22", "V_4_24", "V_4_26", "V_4_28", "V_4_30", "V_4_32", "V_4_34", "V_4_36", "V_4_38", "V_4_40", "V_4_42", "V_4_44" }; enum class VoltList { V_3_50, V_3_52, V_3_54, V_3_56, V_3_58, V_3_60, V_3_62, V_3_64, V_3_66, V_3_68, V_3_70, V_3_72, V_3_74, V_3_76, V_3_78, V_3_80, V_3_82, V_3_84, V_3_86, V_3_88, V_3_90, V_3_92, V_3_94, V_3_96, V_3_98, V_4_00, V_4_02, V_4_04, V_4_06, V_4_08, V_4_10, V_4_12, V_4_14, V_4_16, V_4_18, V_4_20, V_4_22, V_4_24, V_4_26, V_4_28, V_4_30, V_4_32, V_4_34, V_4_36, V_4_38, V_4_40, V_4_42, V_4_44 }; */ float floorVoltage(float voltage, int stepSize = 0) { // Check voltage is within the correct range if (voltage < 3.50 || voltage > (4.4 - (0.02 * stepSize))) { throw std::out_of_range("Voltage/step size is out of range"); } // Get the rounded number (to 0.02) of the voltage float roundedVoltage = floor(voltage / 0.02) * 0.02 + (0.02 * stepSize); return roundedVoltage; } String getChargerState(){ ChargingState status = charger.getState(); switch (status) { case ChargingState::preCharge: return "precharge"; break; case ChargingState::fastChargeConstantCurrent: return "fast-charge constant current"; break; case ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage: return "fast-charge constant voltage"; break; case ChargingState::endOfCharge: return "end-of-charge"; break; case ChargingState::done: return "done"; break; case ChargingState::timerFaultError: return "timer fault"; break; case ChargingState::thermistorSuspendError: return "thermistor suspend"; break; case ChargingState::chargerDisabled: return "off"; break; case ChargingState::batteryOvervoltageError: return "overvoltage condition"; break; case ChargingState::chargerBypassed: return "disabled"; break; default: return "unknown"; break; } } void setup(){ Serial.begin(115200); while (!Serial); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.print("Test Scenario ID: "); Serial.println(testScenarioID); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-Initialize"); if (charger.begin()) { Serial.println("PMIC initialized."); } else { Serial.println("PMIC failed to initialize."); } Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ReadBattery"); Serial.println("Reading battery parameters..."); float batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println("Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); float batteryVoltageFloor = floorVoltage(batteryVoltage, 0); Serial.println("Floor Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltageFloor) + " V"); float batterySetVoltage = floorVoltage(batteryVoltage, 2); Serial.println("Set Battery Voltage: " + String(batterySetVoltage) + " V"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters"); Serial.println("Setting charger parameters..."); charger.setChargeVoltage(batterySetVoltage); auto chargeVoltage = charger.getChargeVoltage(); Serial.println("Final charge voltage: " + String(chargeVoltage) + " V"); charger.setChargeCurrent(100); auto chargeCurrent = charger.getChargeCurrent(); Serial.println("Charging current: " + String(chargeCurrent) + " mA"); charger.setEndOfChargeCurrent(5); auto endOfChargeCurrent = charger.getEndOfChargeCurrent(); Serial.println("End charge current: " + String(endOfChargeCurrent) + " mA"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus"); static ChargingState status = ChargingState::none; status = charger.getState(); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); while (batteryVoltage < chargeVoltage) { status = charger.getState(); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println(getChargerState() + "- Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); delay(5000); } if (batteryVoltage >= chargeVoltage) { Serial.println("Charging complete."); status = charger.getState(); Serial.println("Final Charger Status: " + getChargerState()); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println("Final Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); } Serial.println("---"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.print("End of Test Scenario ID: "); Serial.println(testScenarioID); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.println(); } void loop(){ // Empty loop } ```

Portenta H7 Output

``` --------- Test Scenario ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState --------- --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-Initialize PMIC initialized. --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ReadBattery Reading battery parameters... Battery Voltage: 3.72 V Floor Battery Voltage: 3.72 V Set Battery Voltage: 3.76 V --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters Setting charger parameters... Final charge voltage: 3.76 V Charging current: 100 mA End charge current: 5 mA --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.72 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.74 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.75 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 3.76 V Charging complete. Final Charger Status: fast-charge constant voltage Final Battery Voltage: 3.76 V --- --- --------- End of Test Scenario ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-H7-ChargingState --------- ```

Portenta C33 Sketch

``` /** * Test Scenario ID : TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02 * * This sketch demonstrates the three charging states that can be applied to a battery. It does this by reading the voltage, * and then setting the charging voltage to be 2 steps (2*0.02V) above the battery voltage. * * Test Case IDs : * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-Initialize -> Initialize the PMIC * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ReadBattery -> Read battery voltage and set charging voltage * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters -> Set charging parameters * TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus -> Switch status to done when charging complete * * NOTE: The battery voltage must be under 4.1V for the charging to start * * * Initial author: Ali Jahangiri @aliphys */ #include "Arduino_PowerManagement.h" /* #include #include #include */ const char testScenarioID[] = "TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02"; Battery battery; Charger charger; /* std::array VoltListArray = { "V_3_50", "V_3_52", "V_3_54", "V_3_56", "V_3_58", "V_3_60", "V_3_62", "V_3_64", "V_3_66", "V_3_68", "V_3_70", "V_3_72", "V_3_74", "V_3_76", "V_3_78", "V_3_80", "V_3_82", "V_3_84", "V_3_86", "V_3_88", "V_3_90", "V_3_92", "V_3_94", "V_3_96", "V_3_98", "V_4_00", "V_4_02", "V_4_04", "V_4_06", "V_4_08", "V_4_10", "V_4_12", "V_4_14", "V_4_16", "V_4_18", "V_4_20", "V_4_22", "V_4_24", "V_4_26", "V_4_28", "V_4_30", "V_4_32", "V_4_34", "V_4_36", "V_4_38", "V_4_40", "V_4_42", "V_4_44" }; enum class VoltList { V_3_50, V_3_52, V_3_54, V_3_56, V_3_58, V_3_60, V_3_62, V_3_64, V_3_66, V_3_68, V_3_70, V_3_72, V_3_74, V_3_76, V_3_78, V_3_80, V_3_82, V_3_84, V_3_86, V_3_88, V_3_90, V_3_92, V_3_94, V_3_96, V_3_98, V_4_00, V_4_02, V_4_04, V_4_06, V_4_08, V_4_10, V_4_12, V_4_14, V_4_16, V_4_18, V_4_20, V_4_22, V_4_24, V_4_26, V_4_28, V_4_30, V_4_32, V_4_34, V_4_36, V_4_38, V_4_40, V_4_42, V_4_44 }; */ float floorVoltage(float voltage, int stepSize = 0) { // Check voltage is within the correct range if (voltage < 3.50 || voltage > (4.4 - (0.02 * stepSize))) { //throw std::out_of_range("Voltage/step size is out of range"); Serial.println("Voltage/step size is out of range"); } // Get the rounded number (to 0.02) of the voltage float roundedVoltage = floor(voltage / 0.02) * 0.02 + (0.02 * stepSize); return roundedVoltage; } String getChargerState(){ ChargingState status = charger.getState(); switch (status) { case ChargingState::preCharge: return "precharge"; break; case ChargingState::fastChargeConstantCurrent: return "fast-charge constant current"; break; case ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage: return "fast-charge constant voltage"; break; case ChargingState::endOfCharge: return "end-of-charge"; break; case ChargingState::done: return "done"; break; case ChargingState::timerFaultError: return "timer fault"; break; case ChargingState::thermistorSuspendError: return "thermistor suspend"; break; case ChargingState::chargerDisabled: return "off"; break; case ChargingState::batteryOvervoltageError: return "overvoltage condition"; break; case ChargingState::chargerBypassed: return "disabled"; break; default: return "unknown"; break; } } void setup(){ Serial.begin(115200); while (!Serial); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.print("Test Scenario ID: "); Serial.println(testScenarioID); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-Initialize"); if (charger.begin()) { Serial.println("PMIC initialized."); } else { Serial.println("PMIC failed to initialize."); } Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ReadBattery"); Serial.println("Reading battery parameters..."); float batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println("Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); float batteryVoltageFloor = floorVoltage(batteryVoltage, 0); Serial.println("Floor Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltageFloor) + " V"); float batterySetVoltage = floorVoltage(batteryVoltage, 2); Serial.println("Set Battery Voltage: " + String(batterySetVoltage) + " V"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters"); Serial.println("Setting charger parameters..."); charger.setChargeVoltage(batterySetVoltage); auto chargeVoltage = charger.getChargeVoltage(); Serial.println("Final charge voltage: " + String(chargeVoltage) + " V"); charger.setChargeCurrent(100); auto chargeCurrent = charger.getChargeCurrent(); Serial.println("Charging current: " + String(chargeCurrent) + " mA"); charger.setEndOfChargeCurrent(5); auto endOfChargeCurrent = charger.getEndOfChargeCurrent(); Serial.println("End charge current: " + String(endOfChargeCurrent) + " mA"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.print("Test Case ID: "); Serial.println("TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus"); static ChargingState status = ChargingState::none; status = charger.getState(); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); while (batteryVoltage < chargeVoltage) { status = charger.getState(); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println(getChargerState() + "- Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); delay(5000); } if (batteryVoltage >= chargeVoltage) { Serial.println("Charging complete."); status = charger.getState(); Serial.println("Final Charger Status: " + getChargerState()); batteryVoltage = battery.voltage(); Serial.println("Final Battery Voltage: " + String(batteryVoltage) + " V"); } Serial.println("---"); Serial.println("---"); Serial.println(); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.print("End of Test Scenario ID: "); Serial.println(testScenarioID); Serial.println("---------"); Serial.println(); } void loop(){ // Empty loop } ```

Portenta C33 Output

``` --------- Test Scenario ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02 --------- --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-Initialize PMIC initialized. --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ReadBattery Reading battery parameters... Battery Voltage: 4.20 V Floor Battery Voltage: 4.18 V Set Battery Voltage: 4.22 V --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-SetChargeParameters Setting charger parameters... Final charge voltage: 4.22 V Charging current: 100 mA End charge current: 5 mA --- Test Case ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02-ChargeStatus fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.20 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.21 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.22 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.22 V fast-charge constant voltage- Battery Voltage: 4.23 V Charging complete. Final Charger Status: fast-charge constant voltage Final Battery Voltage: 4.22 V --- --- --------- End of Test Scenario ID: TPL-ARD-PWRM-001-C33-ChargingState02 --------- ```

Next steps:

I could not find a getChargeStatus() method inside the library. Should this be getState() instead?
Battery has final status of ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage which should not be the case when it has reached terminal voltage. This should report that the charging has finished
The states mentioned in the docs should match the getState() method https://github.com/arduino-libraries/Arduino_PowerManagement/blob/7ba266c0649e12f40eff3ec5145b2ef37d7ac1fb/src/Charger.cpp#L223-L249

arduino-libraries / Arduino_PowerManagement

Upon charging completion, battery is in `ChargingState::fastChargeConstantVoltage` state. #6