Add cache to GitHub actions

[jadchaar]

Pull Request Checklist

Thank you for taking the time to improve Arrow! Before submitting your pull request, please check all appropriate boxes:

• [x] 🧪 Added tests for changed code.
• [x] 🛠️ All tests pass when run locally (run tox or make test to find out!).
• [x] 🧹 All linting checks pass when run locally (run tox -e lint or make lint to find out!).
• [ ] 📚 Updated documentation for changed code.
• [ ] ⏩ Code is up-to-date with the master branch.

If you have any questions about your code changes or any of the points above, please submit your questions along with the pull request and we will try our best to help!

Description of Changes

Add GH actions cache to speed up builds.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Merging #830 into master will not change coverage. The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##            master      #830   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files            9         9           
  Lines         1770      1771    +1     
  Branches       304       304           
=========================================
+ Hits          1770      1771    +1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
arrow/_version.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
arrow/arrow.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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