Update Docker files to work better with our automation scripts and im…

[eric-anderson]

…prove caching.

• Move the Args under the from, otherwise they don't do anything
• Enable caching for apt & poetry downloads (>10x speedup)
• Remove chowning of files and just check that the files are properly owned
• Split Makefile into "local build" and "docker build" targets. Tweak the one shared one.
• Resort Makefile target order to match Dockerfile.
• Add checks in the Makefile for various errors and to be able to find the cache files.
• Put a hacky repo name in the opensearch-rps Dockerfile.