Apply static checks to "airflow"

[Lee-W]

Please describe the feature you'd like to see

We should apply static check such as ruff to airflow directory

Describe the solution you'd like

Are there any alternatives to this feature?

Additional context https://github.com/astronomer/ask-astro/pull/132/files#r1399207997

Acceptance Criteria

• [ ] All checks and tests in the CI should pass
• [ ] Unit tests
• [ ] Integration tests (if the feature relates to a new database or external service)
• [ ] Example DAG
• [ ] Docstrings in reStructuredText for each of methods, classes, functions and module-level attributes (including Example DAG on how it should be used)
• [ ] Exception handling in case of errors
• [ ] Logging (are we exposing useful information to the user? e.g. source and destination)
• [ ] Improve the documentation (README, Sphinx, and any other relevant)
• [ ] How to use Guide for the feature (example)