chore(typescript/eks): refresh sample to support Amazon EKS 1.29+

[guessi]

Fixes #936

Purpose of the Pull-request

• Update support for Amazon EKS 1.29 and more attributes introduced
• Update support for Managed Node Group with Instance Profile support
• Update support for Managed Add-ons
• Update cdk.json, tsconfig.ts to keep aligned with latest CDK standards

Issue description

Sample script typescript/eks have no update for years - HISTORY.

Before this PR, it is pointed to an outdated EKS version (1.21), which have reached EOL for a long time, and with no @aws-cdk/lambda-layer-kubectl-v29 imported, it is not possible to support EKS 1.22+.

https://github.com/aws-samples/aws-cdk-examples/blob/1dcf893b1850af518075a24b677539fbbf71a475/typescript/eks/cluster/index.ts#L1-L5

An update is required to get people easier to onboard to Amazon EKS with CDK.

References

• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cdk/api/v2/docs/aws-cdk-lib.aws_eks-readme.html#runtime
• https://github.com/cdklabs/awscdk-asset-kubectl/tree/kubectl-v29/main

Additional notes

Required aws-cdk v2.127.0+ to support Amazon EKS 1.29+

• https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/releases/tag/v2.127.0

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.