[IFC Tunnel] Add entities IfcProductData, IfcObservation and IfcGeoScienceObservation

[larswik]

IfcProductData shall be an abstract entity inherited from IfcProduct and will be the basis for both observations and voxel data (and maybe more things in the future). (Definition needed).

IfcObservation shall be a concrete entity inherited from IfcProductData : A representation of an observation that can be assigned to another product using IfcRelAssignsToProduct

See #317 IfcGeoScienceObservation subtype of IfcObservation : Detailed collected factual information, including measured parameters, descriptions etc. that can be assigned to physical or spatial elements in the geoscience domain using IfcRelAssignsToProduct. PDTs:

• INSITUTEST : A test carried out on site directly in place, e.g. in a borehole, a gallery or from the surface. Distinguished from geophysical surveys which are more complex, see separate description.
• LABTEST : A test on a soli (geologic) or fluid specimen carried out in a laboratory
• BOREHOLEDATAREPRESENTATION : Any kind of information related to intervals or points on the borehole axis
• GEOLOGINTERVAL : Typical geological information contained an a logging sheet like lithology, weathering, RQD, core recovery,...
• BOREHOLECONSTRUCTION : Installed casing, material, filter segments, different casing and drilling diameters,...
• GEOPHYSICALINTERVAL : Typical information collected in continuous geophysical logs, e.g. Pwave velocity, Resistivity, Gamma ray, Density, Caliper, Acoustic and optic scan,… Distinguished from geophysical surveys that measure the conditions in greater distance around the borehole
• MWDINTERVAL : "Measure While Drilling" data are collected during destructive drilling in short intervals and conatin information like water flow, advance rates, drilling resistence,...For exchanged in IFC, interpreted MWD-data or key-attributes are expected
• BOREHOLETESTREPRESENTATION : Interval or point representing the geometry /location of the test results
• GEOPHYSICALSURVEY : Possibly not needed.
• SURFACEGEOPHYSICALSURVEY : Geophysical surveys conducted at or near the ground surface
• BOREHOLEGEOPHYSICALSURVEY : Larger scale geophysical test performed from inside a borehole, distinguished from detailed geophysical log because the ground in greater distance around the boreholes is beeing investigated. Distinguished from logging of the borehole wall with geophysical methods, e.g. sonic or gamma log.
• SAMPLE : OGC GeoSciML.Specimen : A Specimen is a physical sample, obtained for observation(s) carried out ex situ, sometimes in a laboratory.
• GEOPOINTOBSERVATION : Proposal: Observation at a point regarding geological or geotechnical phenomenon such as discontinuities, groundwater, weathering, rockbursts etc.
• MAPPEDUNIT : Part of a MappedZone which was assigned to distinct category of "Book B" models, e.g. a GeologicalUnit, GeotechnicalUnit or fault zone, including detailed observations like weathering, lithologies, discontinuity spacing etc.
• LINEATION : Linear elements / measurements of e.g. striae on a fault surface, mineral lineations,...
• FOLDAXIS : Linear structure that defines the geometry of a fold structure
• DISCONTINUITYSURFACE : shape of a structure like a contact or tectonic fault mapped as a planar feature or trace line

[larswik]

IfcProductData base entity defined as separate issue #439 .

[larswik]

Revised proposal for IfcGeoScienceObservation (from #422): Revised proposal (keeping mainly the base classes): INSITUTEST : A test carried out on site directly in place, e.g. in a borehole, a gallery or from the surface. Distinguished from geophysical surveys which are more complex. LABTEST : A test on a soli (geologic) or fluid specimen carried out in a laboratory BOREHOLEOBSERVATION : Any kind of observation or measurement result related to intervals or points on the borehole axis GEOPHYSICALSURVEY : Geophysical surveys conducted either at or near the ground surface or inside boreholes SPECIMEN (why not use the GeoSciML term?): A physical sample, obtained for observation(s) carried out ex situ, sometimes in a laboratory. GEOSCIENCEOBSERVATION : Distinctly mapped structures that have been observed on MappedZones such as lineation, fold axis, discontinuities etc. (to be consistent, I removed the subclass types, e.g. LINEATION & FOLDAXIS and only kept the "mother").

[larswik]

Summary from #422: BoreholeConstruction : Pset_BoreholeConstruction

IfcGeoScienceObservation : New Entity (subtype of IfcObservation) PDTs: INSITUTESTRESULT: Result from a test carried out on site directly in place, e.g. in a borehole, a gallery or from the surface. LABTESTRESULT: Result from test on a rock/soil (geologic) or fluid specimen carried out in a laboratory BOREHOLELOG: Any kind of observation or measurement result related to intervals or points on the borehole axis MAPPEDFEATURE: Distinctly mapped structures that have been observed on MappedZones such as lineation, fold axis, discontinuity surfaces etc. LOCALINFORMATION: Other observations made locally (e.g. at a point) such as discontinuities, water inflow, weathering, rockburst etc. GEOPHYSICALSURVEYRESULT : A systematic collection of geophysical data that was gathered either at or near the ground surface or by using boreholes and measuring the whole volume in between (crosshole). (Changed name and definition so it fits more with the result of the survey rather than the process of surveying) - Please check!

MaterialSample (proposal): Attach an IfcMaterialDefinition (e.g. an IfcMaterialConstituentSet) to e.g. IfcGeoScienceObservation/INSITUTEST or IfcGeoScienceObservation/LABTEST.